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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 25.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2014 Apr 25;114(9):1516–1531. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.302240

Figure 5.

Figure 5

A: Simulated APs in control and chronic AF conditions (CAF1, CAF2). CAF1 is an AF cell model with Ito and ICaL reduced, without IK1 upregulation; CAF2 is the same model with IK1 increased. B: Electrical restitution plotted as APD–70 versus the diastolic interval (DI) in control and chronic AF cases. C and D: Spiral waves (phase movie snapshots) and tip meander in chronic AF conditions CAF1 and CAF2. Phase movies are shown at four distinct times. The figure demonstrates that IK1 stabilizes and accelerates reentry, as manifested by the reduced tip meander. Modified with permission from45.