The nonnodulation phenotype in daphne is partially rescued by the cortical expression of NIN. Red fluorescence images (A–C), GFP fluorescence images (D–F), and transmitted light images (G–I) of A. rhizogenes-mediated transformed daphne roots are shown at 21 DAI. Roots were transformed with J0571>>NIN (A–I). Excessive ITs (A, D, and G), strongly suppressed ITs (B, E, and H), and nodules (C, F, and I) were observed by inoculating M. loti MAFF303099 constitutively expressing DsRED. GFP fluorescence showed transformed roots (D–F). Arrows and arrowheads indicate nodules and enlarged bumps, respectively. Bars = 2 cm.