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| Variable | Description |
| negtempdif | Directional temperature difference (
 C) |
| mindepth | Depth of the shallowest seal (m) |
| distance | Horizontal distance between seals (km) |
| negdepdif | Directional depth difference ( m) |
| travel rate | Travel rate of the receiving seal (m/s) |
*Description of environmental variables tested in VMT efficiency analyses.
