Table 1.

Phenotypes of mice having cell-specific alterations in AR expression.

Cell specific AR alteration	Phenotype
Germ cell KO	None
Peritubular cell KO	Progressive germ cell loss in adults, incomplete Leydig cell development.
Leydig cell KO	Decreased steroidogenic enzyme activity, effect on germ cells not conclusive.
Vascular endothelial KO	None
Vascular smooth muscle KO	Normal spermatogenesis, impaired testicular vasomotion, increased interstitial fluid.
Sertoli cell KO	Spermatogenesis halted during meiosis, disruption of the BTB, fewer Leydig cells.
AR overexpression in Sertoli cells	Accelerated Sertoli cell maturation, fewer Sertoli cells and post meiotic germ cells, decreased Leydig cell proliferation.