Effect of adding NaCl to liquid BHI (A) and solid BHI (B) on pHi of L. monocytogenes 4140 at a pHex of 6.0. Fluorescent images were acquired at 15-min intervals, and each point represents the average pHi of 40 randomly selected cells. Symbols indicate NaCl concentrations of 0 M (full circle), 0.5 M (full square), 1.0 M (full triangle), 1.5 M (open circle), 2.0 M (open square), and 2.5 M (open triangle).