Table 3.

Circulating inflammatory, antioxidant capacity, and vascular biomarkers of subjects with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and controls. Values are medians (interquartile ranges).

Variables	Control Group (n = 36)	PAD Group (n = 130)	P
C-Reactive Protein (mg/L)	2.71 (5.38)	3.70 (4.88)	0.544
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (pg/ml)	42.5 (22.5)	50.3 (25.5)	0.016
Interleukin-1b (pg/ml)	16.0 (5.8)	15.8 (5.1)	0.618
Interleukin-6 (pg/ml)	21.0 (13.8)	23.0 (12.9)	0.246
Interleukin-8 (pg/ml)	77.5 (46.8)	94.0 (61.5)	0.006
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (pg/ml)	1121.0 (1395.3)	1266.0 (1870.0)	0.392
Myeloperoxidase (pg/ml)	20.5 (27.8)	26.5 (40.3)	0.207
Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (pg/ml)	603.0 (336.0)	684.0 (313.3)	0.108
Serum Amyloid A (pg/ml)	9290.0 (3073.0)	9320.0 (3181.6)	0.612
Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein (U/L)	72.2 (22.5)	69.8 (34.4)	0.073
Hydroxyl Radical Antioxidant Capacity (AU)	0.93 (0.21)	0.95 (0.23)	0.731
E selectin (pg/ml)	45.0 (73.8)	40.0 (43.5)	0.388
Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (pg/ml)
Smokers	1967.0 (593.0)	1963.3 (739.8)	0.953
Non-Smokers	2052.0 (805.0)	2242.0 (927.0)	0.053
Intercellular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (pg/ml)	1933.5 (1213.0)	1838.0 (1354.5)	0.916
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (pg/ml)	34.5 (106.0)	27.0 (30.9)	0.023
Leptin (pg/ml)
Smokers	790.0 (3139.5)	1019.0 (2039.0)	0.884
Male Non-Smokers	1883.0 (1854.8)	1259.0 (1836.5)	0.251
Female Non-Smokers	5489.0(3493.9)	3903.3 (4220.3)	0.338
Adiponectin (pg/ml)
Smokers	4878 (1272)	5263.5 (1850)	0.219
Non-Smokers	5674 (1741.8)	5641 (1092.5)	0.876
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (ng/ml)	672.0 (494.3)	715.0 (482.3)	0.535
Apolipoprotein B (ng/ml)	57.0 (63.8)	63.0 (60.0)	0.611
Apolipoprotein CIII (ng/ml)	1417.0 (732.5)	1273.5 (947.5)	0.231
Hepatocyte Growth Factor (pg/ml)	67.0 (48.3)	67.0 (37.0)	0.962
Nerve Growth Factor (pg/ml)	13.0 (5.8)	14.0 (7.0)	0.189