TABLE 5.
Fragment | Genes
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
E. carotovora subsp. carotovora
|
E. coli
|
Salmonella
|
Yersinia
|
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WPP1b | WPP14b | WPP17c | WPP19 | K-12 | EDL933 | LT2 | CT18 | CO92c | KIM | |
1d | purH | purH | purH | purH | purH | purH | purH | purH | purH | purH |
2e | rsmA | rsmA | rsmA | hemG | hemG | hemG | hemG | hemG | hemG | hemG |
3e | hemG, mobB | hemG, mobB | hemG, murI | rsmA | murI, mobB | murI, mobB | murI, mobB | murI, mobB | murI, yieP, oriCg | murI |
4f | murI | ? | mobB | murI | yieP, oriC | yieP, oriC, TTSS | yieP, oriC | yieP, oriC | yieP, gmhB, oriCg | |
5h | ? | murI | ? | gmhB | gmhB | gmhB | rsmA, mdh, TTSS | rsmA, mdh | rsmA, mdh, TTSS | |
6 | gmhB | gmhB | gmhB | gmhB, mobB | rsmA, mdh | rsmA, mdh, TTSS | rsmA, mdh | gmhB | gmhB, mobB, TTSS | mobB |
7i | acnA, yieP, mdh, outH, pelB, TTSS | acnA, yieP, mdh, outH, pelB, TTSS | acnA, yieP, mdh, outH, pelB, [TTSS] | acnA, yieP, mdh, outH, pelB, TTSS | acnA | acnA | acnA, TTSS | acnA, TTSS | acnA | acnA |
Seven I-CeuI fragments were designated fragments 1 through 7 in accordance to the diagram shown in Fig. 5; the smallest fragment was fragment 1. Gene locations for E. coli, Salmonella, and Yersinia were determined from genome sequence data. Among the gene probes used, the purH, hemG, mobB, murI, yieP, and gmhB genes are housekeeping genes flanking rrn operons in most enterobacteria examined to date; mdh and acnA are the two housekeeping genes subjected to sequence analysis; and outH, rsmA, pelB, and TTSS are important virulence factors in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora. Brackets indicate the absence of the genes. A question mark indicates that no gene has been assigned to the fragment.
The DNA hybridization results for E. carotovora subsp. carotovora 193 (serogroup 11) and E. carotovora subsp. carotovora 63 (serogroup 9) were similar to those for WPP1, and the DNA hybridization results for E. carotovora subsp. carotovora 71 (serogroup 3) and E. carotovora subsp. carotovora 380 (serogroup 29) were similar to those for strain WPP14.
E. carotovora subsp. carotovora WPP17 and Yersinia pestis CO92 contain six rRNA operons instead of the seven copies commonly found in enterobacteria.
purH is on fragment 1 (40 to 50 kb) in all enteric species examined.
The gene location of hemG and murI is conserved in E. coli, Salmonella, and Yersinia but not in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora. The rsmA gene is on the same fragment as mdh in E. coli, Salmonella, and Yersinia but not in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora.
The location of yieP is conserved on fragment 4 in multiple species, including E. coli, Salmonella sp., and Y. pestis KIM. This gene is not located on fragment 4 in Y. pestis CO92, which has only six rRNA operons, or in any of the E. carotovora subsp. carotovora strains.
The Y. pestis oriC is based on DNA sequence characteristics, not experimental data.
For a better comparison of the genes mapped on similar-size fragments, fragment 5 of WPP17 and fragment 4 of Y. pestis CO92 were displaced by one row.
acnA was mapped on the largest fragment in all enteric species examined. The locations of three housekeeping genes and three virulence genes are highly conserved in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora. Note that WPP17 lacked several TTSS genes.