Table 1.
Baseline demographic characteristics of study subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
| Variables | COPD-HD (n=106) | COPD-MD (n=111) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 66.4±20.3 | 68±23.4 | 0.49 |
| Sex (M/F) | 92/14 | 93/18 | 0.64 |
| Smoking (pack-years) | 27.4±16.5 | 29.1±19.3 | 0.52 |
| Severity class | |||
| GOLD I (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.41 |
| GOLD II (%) | 29 (27.4) | 24 (21.6) | |
| GOLD III (%) | 47 (44.3) | 51 (45.9) | |
| GOLD IV (%) | 30 (28.3) | 36 (32.5) | |
| FEV1, L (% of predicted) | 1.24 (46.1) | 1.27 (47.2) | 0.32 |
| FVC, L (% of predicted) | 2.31 (56.3) | 2.26 (54.7) | 0.41 |
| FEV1/FVC (% of predicted) | 46.5±18.9 | 49.7±20.3 | 0.14 |
| FEV1 reversibility (%) | 5.6±3.6 | 4.9±4.1 | 0.44 |
| CAT baseline | 18±6 | 19±7 | 0.23 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Hypertension (%) | 51 (48.1) | 57 (51.4) | 0.37 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 36 (33.9) | 38 (34.2) | 0.51 |
| CAD (%) | 11 (11.3) | 14 (12.6) | 0.18 |
| CHF (%) | 18 (16.9) | 25 (22.5) | 0.13 |
| Medications at baseline before R | |||
| Theophylline (%) | 67 (63.2) | 69 (62.1) | 0.55 |
| Indacaterol (%) | 34 (32.1) | 37 (33.3) | 0.59 |
| Tiotropium (%) | 59 (55.7) | 64 (57.7) | 0.48 |
| ICS (%) | 41 (38.7) | 47 (42.3) | 0.34 |
Notes: All values are shown as means ± standard deviation.
Abbreviations: HD, high dose; MD, medium dose; GOLD, Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; CAT, COPD-assessment test; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, chronic heart failure; R, randomization; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid.