. 2014 May 28;7:217–225. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S58461

Table 1.

Instruments and measured variables

Instrument	Measured variables	Comments
HEINE Mini 3000^® Otoscope	Earwax and eardrum
Sennheiser HDA 200 circumaural earphones	Pure-tone audiometry (M4 recommendation) at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 Hz	According to WHO M4 recommendation,⁷,¹⁸ PTAV measured on a logarithmic scale
LogMAR chart	Visual acuity	Bailey-Lovey distance acuity chart,²⁴ measured on a logarithmic scale
KAS-Screen	Interview guide with 110 question with nine themes	Questions from the following themes were used: background, vision and hearing, communication, access to information, orientation and mobility, ADL/IADL

Notes: HEINE Mini 3000^® Otoscope (HEINE Optotechnik, Herrsching, Germany); Sennheiser HDA 200 circumaural earphones (Sennheiser Electronic Corporation, Wennebostel, Germany).

Abbreviations: WHO, World Health Organization; PTAV, pure-tone average; KAS, Kombinert Alvorlig Sansesvikt (Combined Serious Sensory Impariment); ADL, activities of daily living; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; LogMAR, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution.