Table 3.
Executive functioning laboratory task scores
| Treatment Group (n = 11) | Waitlist Control Group (n = 9) | p-value | Cohen’s d | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 8 Week Assessment | Baseline | 8 Week Assessment | |||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | |||
| ANT | ||||||
| Alerting | 50.11 (13.69) | 48.03 (24.73) | 32.96 (38.13) | 30.07 (26.57) | .96 | −0.02 |
| Orienting | 69.95 (29.07) | 64.78 (34.73) | 75.00 (40.53) | 72.60 (31.47) | .84 | 0.09 |
| Conflict | 110.31 (23.42) | 95.57 (25.44) | 125.08 (65.47) | 106.08 (30.98) | .81 | −0.11 |
| Trail Making Test | ||||||
| Trial A | 27.80 (7.34) | 26.45 (5.85) | 34.01 (7.96) | 27.11 (8.34) | .18 | −0.64 |
| Trial Ba | 58.71 (20.14) | 56.70 (13.02) | 64.08 (35.35) | 49.78 (12.23) | .30 | −0.50 |
| Digit Span | ||||||
| Forward | 11.45 (2.73) | 12.36 (2.25) | 11.11 (2.47) | 12.22 (2.17) | .84 | 0.09 |
| Backward | 9.00 (1.84) | 9.27 (2.61) | 8.67 (1.87) | 9.44 (1.24) | .60 | 0.24 |
| Mixed | 10.27 (1.68) | 10.09 (1.76) | 10.33 (3.00) | 10.33 (1.23) | .86 | 0.08 |
| CPTa | ||||||
| Omission | 1.10 (2.18) | 0.90 (1.29) | 1.11 (1.36) | 1.22 (2.28) | .79 | 0.13 |
| Commission | 13.50 (9.83) | 10.70 (9.36) | 11.44 (5.94) | 10.11 (9.23) | .63 | 0.23 |
| RT | 389.27 (66.79) | 388.61 (51.77) | 404.45 (46.21) | 419.69 (63.93) | .42 | 0.39 |
| RT SE | 4.48 (1.35) | 4.03 (0.80) | 4.87 (1.33) | 5.04 (1.89) | .30 | 0.51 |
| Variability | 5.29 (2.26) | 4.76 (1.66) | 6.13 (3.07) | 5.97 (3.63) | .81 | 0.11 |
| Detectability | 0.85 (0.57) | 0.88 (0.60) | 0.82 (0.41) | 0.97 (0.55) | .84 | 0.21 |
| Response style (beta) | 0.55 (0.45) | 0.85 (0.65) | 0.34 (0.41) | 0.52 (0.57) | .71 | −0.18 |
| Perseverations | 0.20 (0.42) | 0.70 (1.57) | 0.56 (1.01) | 0.22 (0.67) | .19 | −0.65 |
Note. ANT = Attention Network Task; CPT = Conners’ Continuous Performance Test; RT = Reaction Time; RT SE = Reaction Time Standard Error.
a
Treatment sample size varies for analysis of Trial B (n = 10) due to testing error and CPT (n = 10) due to poor participant compliance.