Table 4.
Ecological momentary assessment scores
| Treatment Group (n = 11) | Waitlist Control Group (n = 9) | p-value | Cohen’s d | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 8 Week Assessment | Baseline | 8 Week Assessment | |||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | |||
| Inattentive ADHD Symptoms | 16.85 (6.52) | 14.40 (3.53) | 19.06 (5.28) | 20.73 (3.68) | .002 | 1.09 |
| Hyp-Imp ADHD Symptoms | 14.77 (5.49) | 12.10 (2.80) | 12.73 (2.25) | 13.08 (2.19) | .003 | 0.75 |
| DEFS | ||||||
| Total | 33.49 (9.42) | 29.21 (5.24) | 37.02 (8.75) | 37.66 (4.61) | .045 | 0.65 |
| Self-Management to Time | 9.84 (3.34) | 7.57 (1.89) | 10.60 (2.94) | 11.85 (1.92) | .001 | 1.36 |
| Self-Organization | 5.62 (1.94) | 5.19 (1.28) | 7.47 (2.63) | 7.52 (1.96) | .13 | 0.34 |
| Self-Discipline | 6.61 (2.52) | 5.65 (1.50) | 6.25 (2.08) | 6.31 (1.32) | .11 | 0.49 |
| Self-Motivation | 6.34 (2.25) | 5.51 (1.49) | 7.21 (1.55) | 6.95 (1.83) | .42 | 0.29 |
| Self-Regulation of Emotion | 5.10 (1.56) | 5.30 (1.59) | 5.48 (.83) | 5.03 (.69) | .22 | −0.36 |
| BRIEF-A | ||||||
| Total | 53.06 (18.21) | 44.68 (9.70) | 57.91 (16.45) | 57.20 (9.95) | .11 | 0.55 |
| Inhibit | 5.75 (2.31) | 4.41 (1.18) | 4.72 (1.11) | 4.87 (1.18) | .001 | 0.84 |
| Shift | 5.83 (2.23) | 5.05 (1.38) | 6.45 (2.24) | 6.15 (.93) | .40 | 0.26 |
| Emotional Control | 4.03 (1.40) | 3.94 (.99) | 4.75 (1.94) | 4.44 (1.02) | .38 | −0.13 |
| Self-Monitor | 3.97 (1.34) | 3.49 (.72) | 3.84 (.94) | 3.65 (.50) | .27 | 0.24 |
| Initiate | 7.37 (2.80) | 6.18 (1.98) | 8.39 (2.75) | 8.47 (2.14) | .15 | 0.53 |
| Working Memory | 6.01 (2.49) | 4.70 (1.25) | 6.46 (2.37) | 6.62 (1.57) | .01 | 0.83 |
| Plan/Organize | 7.52 (3.26) | 6.41 (2.02) | 8.40 (2.43) | 8.86 (2.42) | .06 | 0.56 |
| Task Monitor | 6.46 (2.92) | 5.44 (1.59) | 7.61 (2.06) | 7.72 (1.84) | .11 | 0.56 |
| Organization of Materials | 6.12 (2.96) | 5.06 (2.14) | 7.29 (2.30) | 6.42 (1.96) | .81 | 0.09 |
Note. Hyp-Imp = Hyperactive-Impulsive symptoms; DEFS = Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale; BRIEF-A = Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning-Adult Version (27 items total, 3 items per subscale). There was a total of 797 entries. Means were calculated from summing items composing each respective scale and subscale (response options ranging from 1 to 5 for each item). The scales or subscale, and items they contained were: Inattentive ADHD Symptoms (9 items), Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD Symptoms (9 items), DEFS total score (20 items), Self-Management (4 items), Self-Organization (4 items), Self-Discipline (4 items), Self-Motivation (4 items), Self-Regulation of Emotion (4 items), BRIEF-A total score (27 items), Inhibit (3 items), Shift (3 items), Emotional Control (3 items), Self-Monitor (3 items), Initiate (3 items), Working Memory (3 items), Plan/Organize (3 items), Task Monitor (3 items), Organization of Materials (3 items).