Table 2. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% credible intervals (CI) based on two-level binomial logit models of ever smoking, current smoking, and daily smoking among Korean adolescents.
| Ever smoking | Current smoking | Daily smoking | |||||||
| Model 1 (2,3,4 vs. 1)§ | Model 2 (3,4 vs. 1,2)§ | Model 3 (4 vs. 1,2,3)§ | |||||||
| OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | ||||
| Gender (base: Female) | |||||||||
| Male | 2.61* | (2.46 | 2.75) | 3.15* | (2.90 | 3.42) | 3.46* | (3.06 | 3.90) |
| School grade | 1.07* | (1.05 | 1.09) | 1.09* | (1.06 | 1.11) | 1.37* | (1.31 | 1.42) |
| Self-rated academic achievement | 0.73* | (0.71 | 0.74) | 0.65* | (0.63 | 0.67) | 0.59* | (0.57 | 0.62) |
| Weekly allowance | 1.06* | (1.05 | 1.07) | 1.07* | (1.06 | 1.08) | 1.06* | (1.05 | 1.07) |
| Paternal education (base: < = Middle school) | |||||||||
| = High school | 0.91 | (0.84 | 1.01) | 1.02 | (0.89 | 1.16) | 0.96 | (0.83 | 1.14) |
| > = College | 0.82* | (0.75 | 0.91) | 0.94 | (0.80 | 1.08) | 0.85 | (0.72 | 1.02) |
| Maternal education (base:< = Middle school) | |||||||||
| = High school | 1.00 | (0.92 | 1.08) | 1.02 | (0.90 | 1.14) | 0.99 | (0.85 | 1.17) |
| > = College | 0.96 | (0.87 | 1.05) | 1.01 | (0.89 | 1.15) | 1.02 | (0.86 | 1.24) |
| Family Affluent Scale (FAS) | 1.03* | (1.02 | 1.04) | 1.04* | (1.03 | 1.06) | 1.04* | (1.01 | 1.06) |
| Secondhand smoking at home | 1.08* | (1.07 | 1.08) | 1.09* | (1.07 | 1.10) | 1.12* | (1.10 | 1.13) |
| Alcohol use | 1.77* | (1.73 | 1.81) | 2.04* | (1.99 | 2.08) | 1.94* | (1.89 | 1.99) |
| Substance use (base: Never) | |||||||||
| Past use | 2.78* | (1.83 | 4.19) | 2.51* | (1.67 | 3.86) | 1.34 | (0.78 | 2.20) |
| Current use | 1.65 | (0.94 | 2.93) | 2.19* | (1.22 | 3.95) | 4.36* | (2.47 | 8.09) |
| Stress status | 1.10* | (1.08 | 1.14) | 1.15* | (1.11 | 1.20) | 1.14* | (1.10 | 1.20) |
| Depressive symptoms (base: No) | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.41* | (1.35 | 1.48) | 1.32* | (1.23 | 1.40) | 1.26* | (1.15 | 1.38) |
| School type (base: Coeducation) | |||||||||
| Girls-only school | 0.95 | (0.86 | 1.04) | 0.80* | (0.69 | 0.94) | 0.69* | (0.56 | 0.87) |
| Boys-only school | 0.90* | (0.81 | 0.99) | 0.89 | (0.78 | 1.02) | 0.81* | (0.69 | 0.97) |
| Units: School | 800 | 800 | 800 | ||||||
| Units: Individual | 57857 | 57857 | 57857 | ||||||
| DIC | 54461.21 | 29483.58 | 17038.41 | ||||||
§
1 = Never smokers; 2 = Current non-smokers; 3 = Intermittent smokers; 4 = Daily smokers.
DIC: deviance information criterion.
*p<.05.