Table 2.

Odds ratios from NHANES regressions

Effect	Undiagnosed diabetes and total prediabetes†	Diagnosed prediabetesŧ	Diagnosed diabetesŧ
Male	1.44*	0.80*	1.16*
Age 18–34 (comparison)
Age 35-44	1.93*	2.01*	2.09*
Age 45-54	3.70*	2.04*	4.12*
Age 55-64	5.52*	2.50*	5.46*
Age 65-74	7.03*	2.43*	7.10*
Age 75+	8.89*	1.90*	5.79*
Non-Hispanic white (comparison)
Non-Hispanic black	1.61*	1.07	1.92*
Non-Hispanic other	1.97*	1.63*	2.23
Hispanic	1.61*	1.08	2.22*
Has been diagnosed with
Asthma	1.05	1.51*	1.10*
Arthritis	1.02	1.45*	1.22*
History of heart attack	1.00	1.47	1.11
History of stroke	1.06	1.07	1.82*
History of cancer/malignancy	1.03	1.19	1.07
High blood pressure	1.36*	1.81*	2.15*
High cholesterol	1.18*	1.56*	1.90*
Cardiovascular disease	1.18*	1.14	1.87*
Current smoker	1.17*	0.72*	0.95
Overweight vs. normal weight	1.60*	1.30*	1.22*
Obese vs normal weight	2.96*	1.92*	2.79*
Annual family income (thousands of US$)	0.998*	0.998	0.994*
Has medical insurance	0.81*	1.16	1.22
Insured through Medicaid	1.17	1.11	1.24*
Survey Years 2003–4 (comparison)
Years 2005-6	1.42*	2.86*	0.99
Years 2007-8	2.43*	3.39*	1.09
Years 2009-10	2.20*	3.79*	1.04
Sample size	509/7,027/11,520 UDM/PDM/normal	676/18,380 PDM/non-diabetic	2,296/19,056 DDM/non-DDM
Model goodness-of-fit statistics
Percent concordant	76.2	76.1	83.0
Percent discordant	23.5	22.5	16.6
Percent tied	0.4	1.4	0.4
Number of pairs matched	90,391,463	12,424,880	43,752,576
Somers’ D	0.529	0.535	0.664
c-statistic	0.764	0.768	0.832

Source: Analysis of 2003–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Notes: Body weight status is defined by body mass index (BMI): normal (BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obese (30 ≤ BMI). ^† Polytomous logistic regression. ^ŧ Usual logistic regression. * Odds ratio statistically different from 1.0 at the 0.05 level. DDM = diagnosed diabetes, UDM = undiagnosed diabetes, PDM = prediabetes.