Table 1.
Characteristics of Life Shift/Shift Gears participants overall and by condition
| |
Percent or mean (SD) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Characteristic |
Overall |
Life Shift
|
Shift Gears
|
| (N = 700) | (N = 346) | (N = 354) | |
| Gender (%) |
|
|
|
| Male |
75.4 |
76.2 |
74.6 |
| Female |
24.6 |
23.8 |
25.4 |
| Age category (%) |
|
|
|
| 18-20 |
9.3 |
10.7 |
7.9 |
| 21-24 |
13.2 |
13.6 |
12.7 |
| 25-34 |
27.1 |
29.6 |
24.6 |
| 35-44 |
17.5 |
16.6 |
18.4 |
| 45-54 |
22.1 |
19.5 |
24.6 |
| 55+ |
10.9 |
10.1 |
11.6 |
| Mean age in years |
36.9 (13.2) |
35.9 (13.3) |
37.9 (13.0) |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) |
|
|
|
| Hispanic/Latino |
33.1 |
32.5 |
33.7 |
| African American |
37.0 |
36.5 |
37.4 |
| White |
24.8 |
26.0 |
23.6 |
| Other |
5.2 |
5.0 |
5.3 |
| Annual income (%) |
|
|
|
| Less than $9,999 |
65.1 |
64.2 |
66.1 |
| $10,000 - $14,999 |
12.9 |
11.7 |
13.9 |
| $15,000 - $24,000 |
8.6 |
8.1 |
9.0 |
| $25,000 - $34,999 |
5.0 |
6.6 |
3.5 |
| $35,000 - $49,000 |
4.0 |
3.9 |
4.1 |
| $50,000+ |
4.4 |
5.4 |
3.5 |
| Patient location (%) |
|
|
|
| ED |
83.5 |
84.3 |
82.6 |
| Trauma |
16.5 |
15.7 |
17.4 |
| Interviewed in Spanish (%) |
3.9 |
4.1 |
3.7 |
| Drug risk category (%)a |
|
|
|
| At risk |
55.1 |
55.0 |
55.2 |
| High risk |
41.1 |
40.6 |
41.7 |
| Severe risk |
3.8 |
4.4 |
3.2 |
| Alcohol use risk category (%)b |
|
|
|
| Low risk |
70.3 |
73.7 |
67.0 |
| At risk |
24.0 |
21.6 |
26.5 |
| High risk |
4.3 |
3.3 |
5.4 |
| Severe risk |
1.3 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
| Type of drug used (%)c |
|
|
|
| Marijuana |
84.4 |
87.5 |
81.4 |
| Amphetamines |
19.3 |
17.4 |
21.2 |
| Cocaine |
8.8 |
7.8 |
9.7 |
| Heroin |
7.8 |
6.1 |
9.6 |
| Other opiates |
7.4 |
7.6 |
7.3 |
| User of Marijuana only (%) |
49.6 |
51.6 |
47.7 |
| Use of more than 1 substance incl. alcohol (%) |
49.9 |
47.9 |
51.9 |
| Mean drug avoidance self-efficacy score |
3.2 (1.19) |
3.2 (1.2) |
3.3 (1.2) |
| Driving and traffic safety risk category (%) |
|
|
|
| Low- and at risk |
91.3 |
93.4 |
89.2 |
| High- and severe risk | 8.7 | 6.7 | 10.6 |
aBased on the Drug Abuse Screening Test — DAST-10 [19,20]. Risk categories included at risk (score of 1–2), high risk (score of 3–8), and severe risk (score of 9–10).
bBased on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test — AUDIT [18]. Risk categories included no/low risk (score of 0–7), at risk (score of 8–15), high risk (score of 16–19), and severe risk (score of 20–40).
cMultiple drug use was possible. Therefore, the total percent exceeds 100%.