Table 4.
Comparison of Parkinson’s disease patients regarding normal vs abnormal stereopsis a
|
Data parameters |
PD patients (
N
= 45) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal stereopsis ( n = 26) (mean ± SD) | Abnormal stereopsis ( n = 19) (mean ± SD) | P -value | Adjusted P -value | |
| Age (yr) |
64.58 ± 8.31 |
66.53 ± 10.79 |
0.497 |
|
| H&Y stage |
2.04 ± 0.73 |
2.40 ± 0.59 |
0.089 |
|
| UPDRS part III score |
20.81 ± 7.48 |
31.16 ± 16.54 |
0.018b |
0.112 |
| UPDRS total score |
37.15 ± 13.96 |
49.74 ± 24.14 |
0.033b |
|
| TAN (PPT scores) |
37.41 ± 9.48 |
30.00 ± 9.61 |
0.014b |
0.575 |
| MMSE score |
28.04 ± 1.74 |
26.78 ± 4.22 |
0.187 |
|
| MoCA score |
24.96 ± 3.70 |
22.67 ± 6.22 |
0.150 |
|
| Line connection |
0.66 ± 0.48 |
0.61 ± 0.50 |
0.692 |
|
| Copy cube |
0.76 ± 0.44 |
0.55 ± 0.51 |
0.083 |
|
| Drawing clock |
2.31 ± 0.97 |
2.06 ± 1.06 |
0.311 |
|
| Disease duration (yr) |
6.59 ± 5.34 |
6.61 ± 3.34 |
0.989 |
|
| TES |
110.85 ± 65.19 |
170.00 ± 97.63 |
0.019b |
|
| PES (red) |
27.23 ± 23.31 |
41.32 ± 29.33 |
0.08 |
|
| PES (green) |
23.96 ± 14.61 |
40.74 ± 17.17 |
0.001c |
0.027b |
| PES (blue) |
39.04 ± 25.08 |
53.95 ± 36.00 |
0.108 |
|
| PES (purple) | 20.54 ± 14.78 | 34.00 ± 27.23 | 0.039b | 0.409 |
aH&Y, Hoehn and Yahr; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; PD, Parkinson’s disease; PES, Partial error score; PPT, Purdue Pegboard Test; TAN, total average number; TES, Total error score; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. b P < 0.05; cP < 0.01. For the adjusted P-value, a logistic regression model was used with stereopsis (normal or abnormal) as the dependent variable.