Fig. 6.

Effect of ivabradine on I_f characteristics in human atrial myocytes under septic conditions.

Cells were incubated with endotoxins (10 μg/mL, 6–10 h) and superfused with ivabradine (1 μmol/L, 7 min). Mean I–V relationships of I_f in S-LPS (A) or R595 incubated cells (B) before and after ivabradine superfusion. (C) Use-dependent development of ivabradine blockage of I_f. Currents were elicited by hyperpolarizing voltage steps to − 100 mV (3 s duration) at 1/6 Hz. (D). Percentage of I_f reduction by ivabradine was calculated from the underlying I–V relationships before and after ivabradine perfusion. ^‡p ≤ 0.05 vs. S-LPS; ^§p ≤ 0.05 vs. R595; *p ≤ 0.05 vs. control; ^#p ≤ 0.05 vs. ivabradine.