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. 2014 Jun 5;5:252. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00252

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

A model of the initial binding of A. tumefaciens to root hairs. In the presence of low levels of calcium UPP is formed and mediates polar bacterial attachment to the root hair surface. This results in binding of large numbers of bacteria to the root hair. The genes for synthesizing the UPP are required for this binding. In the presence of moderate or high levels of calcium UPP is not formed and bacterial binding is sparse.