Metabolic pathways in P. aeruginosa. Multiple arrowheads indicate that several reaction steps have been condensed for clarity. Boxes indicate the enzyme that catalyzes each reaction. (A) Glucose oxidation via the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. For clarity, the pathway is abbreviated to the key intermediates of glycolysis. (B) Pyruvate fermentation (Eschbach et al., 2004). LdhA, lactate dehydrogenase; Pdh, pyruvate dehydrogenase; Pta, phosphate acetyltransferase; AckA, acetate kinase. (C) The arginine deiminase pathway (Vander Wauven et al., 1984). ArcA, arginine deiminase; ArcB, ornithine carbamoyltransferase; ArcC, carbamate kinase.