Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants by case status and sex.
| Cases | Controls | pa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women | ||||||
| n | 289 | 571 | ||||
| Age at blood collection (years): mean, sd | 51.3 | 8.3 | 51.3 | 8.3 | -b | |
| Anthropometry: mean, sd | ||||||
| Height (cm) | 161.6 | 6.1 | 160.3 | 6.5 | 0.002 | |
| Weight (kg) | 67.8 | 12.0 | 65.6 | 11.2 | 0.007 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.0 | 4.5 | 25.6 | 4.6 | 0.20 | |
| Waist to hip ratioc | 0.80 | 0.07 | 0.79 | 0.07 | 0.04 | |
| Alcohol (g/d): n, % | ||||||
| 0 | 64 | 22.2 | 102 | 17.9 | ||
| >0–9 | 161 | 55.7 | 323 | 56.6 | ||
| 10–19 | 39 | 13.5 | 93 | 16.3 | ||
| ≥ 20 | 25 | 8.7 | 53 | 9.3 | 0.29 | |
| Smoking: n, %c | ||||||
| Never | 161 | 56.3 | 340 | 60.5 | ||
| Former | 65 | 22.7 | 119 | 21.1 | ||
| Current | 60 | 21.0 | 103 | 18.3 | 0.46 | |
| Physical activity: n, %c | ||||||
| Inactive | 93 | 33.2 | 168 | 30.5 | ||
| Moderately inactive | 96 | 34.3 | 209 | 37.9 | ||
| Moderately active or active | 91 | 32.5 | 174 | 31.6 | 0.59 | |
| Education: n, %c | ||||||
| Less than secondary school | 118 | 41.7 | 228 | 40.4 | ||
| Secondary school | 109 | 38.5 | 221 | 37.4 | ||
| University degree | 56 | 19.8 | 125 | 22.2 | 0.70 | |
| Menopausal status: n, % | ||||||
| Premenopausal | 106 | 44.6 | 212 | 37.1 | ||
| Perimenopausal or unknown | 54 | 18.7 | 101 | 17.7 | ||
| Postmenopausal | 129 | 44.6 | 258 | 45.2 | -b | |
| Hours since last meal at blood collection: n, %c | ||||||
| < 3 | 123 | 44.6 | 242 | 44.3 | ||
| 3–6 | 50 | 18.1 | 95 | 17.4 | ||
| > 6 | 103 | 37.3 | 209 | 38.3 | -b | |
| Men | ||||||
| n | 56 | 164 | ||||
| Age at blood collection (years): mean, sd | 51.5 | 9.3 | 51.7 | 9.4 | -b | |
| Anthropometry: mean, sd | ||||||
| Height (cm) | 176.1 | 6.5 | 174.5 | 5.8 | 0.14 | |
| Weight (kg) | 81.1 | 11.7 | 81.0 | 10.9 | 0.99 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.1 | 2.9 | 26.6 | 3.2 | 0.21 | |
| Waist to hip ratioc | 0.94 | 0.07 | 0.94 | 0.06 | 0.98 | |
| Alcohol (g/d): n, % | ||||||
| 0 | 5 | 8.9 | 7 | 4.3 | ||
| > 0–9 | 20 | 35.7 | 58 | 35.4 | ||
| 10–19 | 9 | 16.1 | 40 | 24.4 | ||
| ≥ 20 | 22 | 39.3 | 59 | 36.0 | 0.40 | |
| Smoking: n, %c | ||||||
| Never | 18 | 33.3 | 52 | 31.7 | ||
| Former | 21 | 38.9 | 65 | 39.7 | ||
| Current | 15 | 27.8 | 47 | 28.7 | 0.99 | |
| Physical activity: n, %c | ||||||
| Inactive | 11 | 20.0 | 27 | 16.5 | ||
| Moderately inactive | 21 | 38.2 | 70 | 42.7 | ||
| Moderately active or active | 23 | 42.8 | 67 | 40.9 | 0.75 | |
| Education: n, %c | ||||||
| Less than secondary school | 17 | 32.1 | 48 | 29.5 | ||
| Secondary school | 22 | 41.5 | 64 | 39.3 | ||
| University degree | 14 | 26.4 | 51 | 31.2 | 0.83 | |
| Hours since last meal at blood collection: n, %c | ||||||
| < 3 | 20 | 37.0 | 68 | 43.0 | ||
| 3–6 | 12 | 22.2 | 22 | 13.9 | ||
| > 6 | 22 | 40.7 | 68 | 43.0 | -b |
a
The weighted paired-sample t-test and the likelihood ratio χ2 test from conditional logistic regression were used for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.
b
No p-value was calculated for matching factors.
c
Unknown for some participants; mean, sd or n, %, and tests exclude unknown values.