Table 2. Resting cardiorespiratory and metabolic changes of Thai pregnant women.
| Variables | Pregnant |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| G1 | G2 | G3 | |
| Cardiorespiratory variables | |||
| BP (Systolic, mmHg) | 106.9±2.43 | 105.1±2.48 | 106.0±3.24 |
| (Diastolic, mmHg) | 68.3±1.68 | 65.0±1.49 | 69.6±1.86 |
| Heart rate (HR, bpm) | 81.3±2.1 | 84.2±2.8 | 90.7±2.0 a |
| Minute ventilation (VE, L/min) | 10.4±0.64 | 10.47±0.50 | 11.30±0.66 |
| Breathing frequency (BF, breaths/min) | 19.50±0.51 | 20.19±0.73 | 18.36±0.83 |
| Tidal volume (VT, L) | 0.57±0.03 | 0.57±0.02 | 0.60±0.02 |
| Metabolic variables | |||
| Oxygen consumption (VO2, ml/min) | 253.9±13.56 | 262.3±11.94 | 298.2±15.38 |
| Carbon dioxide production (VCO2, ml/min) | 205.1±13.97 | 226.4±11.32 | 268.3±13.62a, b |
| VE/VO2 | 38.71±0.99 | 40.84±0.95 | 38.81±0.88 |
| VE/VCO2 | 48.56±1.62 | 47.59±1.43 | 43.05±0.63 a, b |
| Respiratory exchange ratio (RER) | 0.79±0.03 | 0.86±0.03 | 0.91±0.12 b |
| Resting energy expenditure (REE, kcal/day) | 1861±103.49 | 1815.6±84.62 | 2081.8±108.07 |
All values are presented as means ± SEM; a, Significantly different from G1 (p<0.05); b, Significantly different from G2 (p<0.05). G1: Trimester 1; G2: Trimester 2 and G3: Trimester 3