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. 2014 May 20;3:253. doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-253

Table 1.

The relative concentrations (%), and organic parameters of the various lipid compound groups of propolis samples from different regions of Ethiopia

Enemore Holleta Bako Gedo Average SD
Yield (%) 27.2 33.4 62.0 64.2 46.7 19.1
Compound Composition M.W.
Triterpenoids
β-Amyrone C30H48O 424 0.08 0.01 0.36 1.16
α-Amyrone C30H48O 424 0.19 0.01 0.00 1.88
β-Amyrin C30H50O 426 0.29 0.12 3.29 0.00
α-Amyrin C30H50O 426 83.79 63.11 0.00 3.16
β-Amyryl acetate C32H52O2 468 0.15 0.19 44.88 53.79
α-Amyryl acetate C32H52O2 468 0.00 0.00 46.72 29.72
Lupeol C30H50O 426 1.81 0.24 2.29 1.84
Moretenol C32H52O2 426 0.46 0.19 0.05 2.04
Moretenyl acetate C32H52O2 468 0.15 0.09 0.00 0.09
Total 86.91 63.96 97.60 93.67 85.53 15.04
n-Alkanes
Heneicosane C21H44 296 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
Docosane C22H46 310 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Tricosane C23H48 324 0.14 1.02 0.03 0.05
Tetracosane C24H50 338 0.01 0.25 0.01 0.02
Pentacosane C25H52 352 0.58 4.50 0.20 0.37
Hexacosane C26H54 366 0.10 0.58 0.03 0.04
Heptacosane C27H56 380 1.88 7.56 0.44 0.93
Octacosane C28H58 394 0.12 0.36 0.02 0.04
Nonacosane C29H60 408 0.38 1.27 0.08 0.25
Triacontane C30H62 422 0.02 0.18 0.00 0.03
Hentriacontane C31H64 436 0.32 1.16 0.06 0.21
Total 3.54 16.89 0.87 1.94 5.82 7.48
CPI (o/e)a 13.56 10.95 12.26 14.25 12.75 1.46
n-Alkenes
Pentacosene C25H50 350 0.009
Hexacosene C26H52 364 0.012
Heptacosene C27H54 378 0.014
Octacosene C28H56 392 1.68 1.40 0.06 0.093
Nonacosene C29H58 406 0.27 0.17 0.02 0.033
Triacontene C30H60 420 1.31 0.83 0.04 0.042
Hentriacontene C31H62 434 0.05 1.27 0.01 0.037
Dotriacontene C32H64 448 0.89 0.48 0.04 0.047
Tritriacontene C33H66 462 8.11 9.06 0.53 0.912
Tetratriacontene C34H68 476 0.20 0.13 0.00 0.033
Pentatriacontene C35H70 490 0.86 2.54 0.14 0.284
Total 6.61 15.88 0.85 1.515 6.23 6.96
CPI (o/e)b 2.49 5.39 6.10 7.24 5.30 2.02
Methyl n-Alkanoates
Methyl dodenoate C13H26O2 214 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001
Methyl tridecanoate C14H28O2 228 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Methyl tetradecanoate C15H30O2 242 0.004 0.004 0.001 0.001
Methyl pentadecanoate C16H32O2 256 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.001
Methyl hexadecenoate C17H32O2 286 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.000
Methyl hexadecanoate C17H34O2 270 0.304 0.222 0.093 0.123
Methyl heptadecenoate C18H34O2 282 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
Methyl octadecenoate C19H36O2 296 0.006 0.013 0.008 0.011
Methyl octadecanoate C19H38O2 298 0.029 0.021 0.008 0.012
Methyl nonadecanoate C20H40O2 312 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000
Methyl eicosanoate C21H42O2 326 0.010 0.007 0.004 0.007
Methyl heneicosanoate C22H44O2 340 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
Methyl docosanoate C23H46O2 354 0.018 0.010 0.004 0.005
Methyl tricosanoate C24H48O2 368 0.031 0.004 0.002 0.002
Methyl tetracosanoate C25H50O2 382 0.199 0.160 0.045 0.065
Methyl pentacosanoate C26H52O2 396 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
Methyl hexacosanoate C27H54O2 410 0.058 0.048 0.013 0.017
Methyl heptacosanoate C28H56O2 424 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Methyl octacosanoate C29H58O2 438 0.035 0.029 0.009 0.012
Total 0.709 0.521 0.189 0.260 0.419 0.239
CPI(o/e as esters) c 16.92 87.04 45.63 0.28 37.47 37.99
Wax esters
Docosyl hexadecanoate C38H76O2 564 0.15 0.17 0.068 0.167
Tetracosyl hexadecanoate C40H80O2 592 0.74 1.75 0.191 0.372
Hexacosyl hexadecanoate C42H84O2 620 0.20 0.16 0.032 0.052
Octacosyl hexadecanoate C44H88O2 648 trace trace 0.00 0.00
Total 1.10 2.08 0.29 0.59 1.02 0.78