Table 1.
Prevalence of T. cruzi infection according to potential risk factors in dogs and cats born before residual spraying with insecticides of all houses in Pampa del Indio in 2008
| Factor | Dogs | Cats | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percent infected (number examined) | Univariate odds ratio (95% CI) | Percent infected (number examined) | Univariate odds ratio (95% CI) | |
| Age (months) | – (371) | 1.0 (1.00–1.01) | – (57) | 1.0 (0.95–1.01) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 27.7 (282) | 1.0 | 30.8 (39) | 1.0 |
| Female | 38.2 (89) | 1.6 (1.0–2.7) | 44.4 (18) | 1.8 (0.6–5.7) |
| Domestic resting habit | ||||
| No | 33.3 (81) | 1.0 | n.d. | n.d. |
| Yes | 29.8 (272) | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | n.d. | n.d. |
| Ethnic group | ||||
| Creole | 25.3 (293) | 1.0 | 27.1 (48) | 1.0 |
| Toba | 50.0 (82) | 2.9 (1.8–4.9)* | 77.8 (9) | 9.4 (1.7–51.4)† |
| Origin | ||||
| Urban immigrant | 18.7 (91) | 1.0 | 36.4 (11) | 1.0 |
| Rural immigrant | 19.1 (21) | 1.0 (0.3–3.4) | 100.0 (1) | – |
| Native | 37.1 (213) | 2.6 (1.4–4.7)* | 29.7 (37) | 0.7 (0.2–3.0) |
| Number of infected dogs or cats with which the dog cohabited | ||||
| 0 | 17.2 (204) | 1.0 | 19.2 (26) | 1.0 |
| 1 | 25.0 (84) | 1.6 (0.9–3.0) | 12.5 (16) | 0.6 (0.1–3.5) |
| ≥ 2 | 67.8 (87) | 10.2 (5.7–18.1)* | 86.7 (15) | 27.3 (4.6–161.8)* |
| Infected bug abundance in domiciles, kitchens, and storerooms | ||||
| Uninfested premises‡ | 21.6 (190) | 1.0 | 26.7 (30) | 1.0 |
| 0 | 18.3 (71) | 0.8 (0.4–1.6) | 11.1 (9) | 0.3 (0.0–3.2) |
| 1–9 | 46.5 (86) | 3.2 (1.8–5.5) | 57.1 (14) | 3.7 (1.0–13.9) |
| ≥ 10 | 79.2 (24) | 13.8 (4.9–39.2) | 75.0 (4) | 8.2 (0.7–91.2) |
| Oral infection risk | ||||
| No | 20.0 (15) | 1.0 | n.d | n.d. |
| Yes | 31.8 (277) | 1.8 (0.5–6.8) | n.d | n.d. |
n.d. = not done.
*
P < 0.001.
†
P < 0.01.
‡
Data missing for 33 and 15 dogs inhabiting Creole and Toba households, respectively.