Table 1. Vaccine production, Brazil, China, India, the Russian Federation and South Africa (BRICS), 1993.
| Country | Types of vaccine |
|---|---|
| Brazil | BCG, BMP, DTP, M, OPV,a rabies,b TT, YF |
| Russian Federation | DTP,c OPV, Hep B, influenza, M, YF |
| India | BCG, CT, DTP, JE, M, OPV,a rabies,b Td/DT, TT, YF |
| China | BCG, BMP, DTP, JE, OPV, M, rabies, rotavirus, TT |
| South Africa | BCG, DTP, OPV, rabies, TT |
BCG: bacille Calmette–Guérin; BMP: bivalent meningitis polysaccharide; CT: cholera and typhoid; DTP: diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis; Hep: hepatitis; JE: Japanese encephalitis; M: measles; OPV: oral polio vaccine; Td/DT: diphtheria and tetanus toxoids; TT: tetanus toxoid; YF: yellow fever.
a Although the manufacturer technically produced the final vials of product, the starting material was imported bulk vaccine that had already been prequalified.
b Grown in vivo.
c With low-dose pertussis.
Data sources: World Health Organization8,9 and Children’s Vaccine Initiative.10