Table 1.
Expression and relevant regulatory functions of some investigated miRs in MM cells in the context of BMME components
| miRNA | Expression pattern | Function | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| miR-15a/16 |
Down-regulated |
Regulating MM cell proliferation through AKT3, MAPKs and NFκB pathways and by targeting cyclin D1, cyclin D2 and CDC25A |
[10] |
| miR-15a/16 |
Down-regulated |
induction of BMSC-mediated drug resistance in MM cells, possibly through IL-6 |
[28,35] |
| miR-21 |
Up-regulated |
Induction of BMSC-mediated drug resistance in MM cells partially through NFκB pathway and by targeting RhoB |
[27] |
| miR-199a-5p |
Down-regulated |
Regulating bone marrow angiogenesis through targeting HIF-1α in MM cells and modulating interaction with BMSCs and bone marrow endothelial cells |
[32] |
| miR-135b |
Up-regulated |
Up-regulated in MM bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells following interaction with MM cells, impairing osteogenesis by targeting SMAD5 |
[34] |
| miR-199a, -24-3p, 15a-5p, 16-5p | Down-regulated | Down-regulated in MM mesenchymal cells, contributing to impaired osteogenesis | [33] |