Table 1.

Spin and Bias in Early Intervention in Psychosis Articles^a

Type of Study (no. of articles)	Positive Primary End Point	Reporting Bias Present	Spin Present	Article Presented as Positive
Duration of untreated psychosis (6)b	1 (17) [0.4–64.1]	3 (50) [11.8–88.1]	5 (83) [35.8–99.6]	5 (83) [35.8–99.6]
Ultra-high risk of psychosis (13)c	2 (15) [1.9–45.4]	6 (46) [19.2–74.9]	8 (62) [31.6–86.1]	9 (69) [38.6–90.9]
Early intervention in psychosis (19)d	2 (11) [1.3–33.1]	13 (68) [43.4–87.4]	12 (63) [38.4–83.7]	15 (79) [54.4–93.9]
Total (38)	5 (13) [4.4–28.1]	22 (58) [40.8–73.7]	25 (66) [48.6–80.4]	29 (76) [59.8–88.6]

^aValues presented as number (%) of articles [95% CI].

^bDuration of untreated psychosis: quasi-experimental design comparing region with public health intervention to reduce the period of time spent between the onset of a psychotic illness and the initiation of treatment.

^cUltra-high risk: randomized controlled trials comparing outcomes of patients at high risk of developing a long-term psychotic illness randomized to treatment as usual versus active interventions including antipsychotic medication, fatty acids, or cognitive-behavioral therapy.

^dEarly intervention in psychosis: randomized controlled trials comparing outcomes in patients with first-episode psychosis randomized to treatment as usual versus early intensive treatment, with low patient to case manager ratios, family psychoeducation, and social skills training.