Table 1. Developmental duration of various life stages and female fecundity of L. trifolii and L. sativae when reared at different constant temperatures.

Statistic	Species	Temperature (°C)
		20	25	31	33
Egg stage (d)	L. sativae	4.77±0.05 b##	2.30±0.04 a	1.89±0.03 b	1.76±0.05 b
	L. trifolii	4.64±0.05 a	2.21±0.04 a	1.52±0.05 a	1.58±0.05 a
Larval stage (d)	L. sativae	8.79±0.06 b	4.64±0.07 a	3.57±0.06 a	3.29±0.06 a
	L. trifolii	8.39±0.92 a	4.45±0.06 a	3.63±0.07 a	3.06±0.03 a
Pupal stage (d)	L. sativae	14.58±0.05 a	9.49±0.05 a	7.63±0.09 a	7.25±0.13 a
	L. trifolii	14.39±0.09 a	9.23±0.07 a	7.42±0.09 a	6.91±0.06 a
Total preoviposition period (TPOP) (d)#	L. sativae	28.16±0.12 b	16.36±0.15 b	13.05±0.14 b	12.5±0.23 b
	L. trifolii	27.46±0.21 a	15.83±0.11 a	12.51±0.13 a	11.35±0.09 a
Fecundity (eggs/female)	L. sativae	77.67±1.85 b	146.70±3.71 b	111.68±3.82 b	72.86±2.79 b
	L. trifolii	52.37±1.47 a	108.52±3.11 a	101.37±2.90 a	68.14±2.59 a

^#TPOP, total preoviposition period, the duration from birth to first reproduction.

^##Means within each statistical category and temperature followed by the same letters are not significantly between the two species (P>0.05).