Table 1. Demographics, hemodynamics, Pulmonary Function Testing and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing parameters in IPAH patients and Control subjects.
| IPAH patients (n = 32) | Control subjects (n = 16) | |
| Age, yrs | 40.3±14.8 | 37.9±16.8 |
| Gender, F/M | 20/12 | 10/6 |
| Height, cm | 162±7.8 | 160±9.0 |
| Weight, kg | 60.3±13.7 | 53.2±9.9 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.8±3.9 | 20.7±2.2 |
| NYHA functional class | 2.3±0.48 | NA |
| mPAP, mm Hg | 59.0±14.2 | NA |
| mRAP, mm Hg | 11.2±4.8 | NA |
| mPWP, mmHg | 8.6±4.4 | NA |
| TPVR, mm Hg/L/min | 13.1±5.7 | NA |
| Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | 2.48±0.85 | NA |
| FVC, L (%pred) | 3.30±0.85 (95±20) | 3.45±0.84 (100±14) |
| FEV1, L (%pred) | 2.56±0.61(87±17) | 2.93±0.62(101±15) |
| FEV1/FVC (%pred) | 78.1±6.7(96±5) * | 85.6±5.9(101±6) |
| MVV, L/min (%pred) | 86±25 (98±19) | 98±30 (116±18) |
| DLCO, ml/mm Hg/min (%pred) | 17.1±6.5 (79±23) ‡ | 23.9±5.2(117±15) |
| TLC, L (%pred) | 5.14±0.92 (99±11) | 5.13±1.17 (100±12) |
| Peak V˙O2, ml/min (%pred) | 920±298(49±14) ‡ | 1617±547 (95±15) |
| Peak work rate, W (%pred) | 72±26(54±16) ‡ | 137±52(102±26) |
| AT, ml/min (%pred) | 615±165(76±14) ‡ | 937±255(111±10) |
| Peak heart rate, beats/min (%pred) | 146±17(80±7) † | 166±12(90±7) |
| Peak O2 pulse, ml/beat (%pred) | 6.2±1.7(63±17) ‡ | 9.6±2.8(97±7) |
| Peak V˙E, L/min (%MVV) | 49±13(59±16) | 61±23(62±7) |
| Peak PETCO2, mm Hg | 23.2±8.0‡ | 40.9±2.9 |
| V˙E-V˙CO2 slope | 51.7±28.1* | 27.9±5.9 |
| Lowest V˙E/V˙CO2, (%pred) | 49.4±14.9(183±49) ‡ | 27.7±2.2(106±9) |
| OUES, L/min/log(L/min) (%pred) | 1.08±0.37(58±19) ‡ | 1.98±0.44(98±13) |
| OUEP, ml/L (%pred) | 23.4±4.9(60±12) ‡ | 37.8±4.8(98±12) |
Values are expressed as mean ± SD and percentage of measured to predicted values (%pred).
*p<0.05, †p<0.005, ‡p<0.0001, vs. controls using unpaired t test. NA = not applicable.
NYHA = New York Heart Association functional classification; mPAP = mean pulmonary artery pressure; mRAP = mean right atrial pressure; mPWP = mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure; TPVR = total pulmonary vascular resistance; FVC = forced vital capacity; FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 second; MVV = maximum voluntary ventilation; DLCO = gas transfer index or diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide; TLC = total lung capacity; AT = anaerobic threshold; %MVV = percentage of maximum voluntary ventilation; PETCO2 = partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide; OUES = oxygen uptake efficiency slope; OUEP = oxygen uptake efficiency plateau; IPAH = idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; %pred = percent of predicted; V˙O2 = peak oxygen uptake, STPD = standard temperature pressure dry; V˙E = minute ventilation, BTPS = body temperature pressure saturated; V˙CO2 = carbon dioxide output, STPD.