Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to type of atrial fibrillation
| Characteristic | Overall (n = 971) | Paroxysmal [n = 319 (31)] | Persistent [n = 203 (21)] | Permanent [n = 449 (46)] | P-trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 73 (65, 79) | 74 (66, 79) | 75 (68, 80) | 72 (64, 78) | 0.19 |
| Age ≥75 years | 442 (45.5) | 147 (46.1) | 109 (53.7) | 186 (41.4) | 0.14 |
| Gender, female | 334 (34.4) | 127 (39.8) | 69 (34.0) | 138 (30.7) | 0.01 |
| Race, Caucasian | 896 (92.3) | 295 (92.5) | 188 (92.6) | 413 (92.0) | 0.79 |
| CHADS2 score | 0.09 | ||||
| 2 | 475 (48.9) | 155 (48.6) | 108 (53.2) | 212 (47.2) | |
| 3 | 283 (29.2) | 104 (32.6) | 57 (28.1) | 122 (27.2) | |
| 4–6 | 213 (21.9) | 60 (18.8) | 38 (18.7) | 115 (25.6) | |
| History of | |||||
| Heart failure | 521 (53.7) | 129 (40.4) | 102 (50.3) | 290 (64.6) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 892 (91.9) | 291 (91.2) | 184 (90.6) | 417 (92.9) | 0.38 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 340 (35.0) | 125 (39.2) | 63 (31.0) | 152 (33.9) | 0.16 |
| Stroke or TIA | 258 (26.6) | 92 (28.8) | 44 (21.7) | 122 (27.2) | 0.71 |
| Coronary HD | 359 (37.0) | 127 (39.9) | 63 (31.0) | 169 (37.6) | 0.62 |
| Tobacco, ever | 489 (50.4) | 173 (54.2) | 99 (48.8) | 217 (48.3) | 0.12 |
| Obese | 407 (41.9) | 138 (43.3) | 76 (37.4) | 193 (43.0) | 0.97 |
| CKDa | 325 (33.9) | 116 (36.8) | 65 (32.7) | 144 (32.4) | 0.22 |
| Creatinine clearance | 71 (55, 92) | 70 (54, 93) | 71 (55, 85) | 73 (55, 95) | 0.43 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. | 72 (63, 82) | 68 (60, 76) | 73 (64, 82) | 75 (66, 86) | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 130 (120, 140) | 130 (120, 140) | 130 (118, 144) | 130 (120, 140) | 0.22 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 78 (70, 83) | 75 (69, 80) | 78 (70, 84) | 80 (70, 84) | 0.001 |
Data presented as counts (percentages) or median (inter-quartile ranges) for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.
TIA, transient ischaemic attack; HD, heart disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; BMI, body mass index.
aCKD, defined by creatinine clearance <60 mL/min at randomization.