Table 1.
Demographic and Health Characteristics as a Total Sample and By Fatigability Cluster
| Total (n = 55) | By Cluster | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low fatigability (n = 33) | High fatigability (n = 22) | t or χ2 or F test value (p value) | df | ||
| Age, Mean (SD) | 82.95 (3.17) | 82.30 (2.85) | 83.91 (3.45) | −1.88 (0.07) | 53 |
| Years of education, Mean (SD) | 15.80 (2.15) | 15.94 (2.15) | 15.59 (2.18) | 0.59 (0.56) | 53 |
| Male, n (%) | 24 (43.6%) | 19 (57.6%) | 5 (22.7%) | 6.52 (0.011) | 1 |
| White, n (%) | 55 (100%) | 33 (100%) | 22 (100%) | n/a | n/a |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 8 (14.5%) | 6 (18.2%) | 2 (9.1%) | 0.88 (0.35) | 1 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 49 (89.1%) | 30 (90.9%) | 19 (86.4%) | 0.28 (0.60) | 1 |
| High cholesterol, n (%) | 43 (79.6%) | 28 (84.8%) | 15 (71.4%) | 1.43 (0.23) | 1 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 6 (10.9%) | 2 (6.1%) | 4 (18.2%) | 2.00 (0.20) | 1 |
| Anti-inflammatory medication, n (%) | 32 (58.2%) | 22 (66.7%) | 10 (45.5%) | 2.44 (0.12) | 1 |
| Beta-blocker, n (%) | 31 (56.4%) | 19 (57.6%) | 12 (54.5%) | 0.05 (0.82) | 1 |
| Sleepiness, Mean (SD) | 0.81 (0.40) | 0.77 (0.40) | 0.87 (0.42) | −0.87 (0.39) | 53 |
| Depressive symptoms, Mean (SD) | 0.85 (1.22) | 0.71 (0.12) | 1.57 (0.33) | −2.81 (0.009) # | 27 |
| Chronic fatigue | 2.58 (0.87) | 2.35 (0.86) | 2.93 (0.80) | −2.52 (0.015) | 53 |
| EF ‡ | 0 (0.63) | 0.18 (0.51) | −0.26 (0.72) | 3.26 (0.08) b | 1, 54 |
| Attention ‡ | 0 (0.73) | 0.10 (0.41) | −0.19 (0.72) | 3.33 (0.07) b | 1, 54 |
| SOP ‡ | 0 (0.78) | 0.02 (0.68) | −0.05 (0.93) | 0.02 (0.88) b | 1, 54 |
| Baseline IL-6 †, a | 0.34 (0.71) | 0.27 (0.77) | 0.44 (0.63) | 2.42 (0.13) c, # | 1, 44 |
| IL-6 response a | 0.33 (1.18) | 0.13 (0.72) | 0.64 (1.63) | 4.17 (0.048) d, # | 1, 44 |
Note.
‡
controlled for age, gender, and education;
†
log-transformed;
a
45 participants' data were included;
b
controlled for age, gender, and years of education;
c
controlled for age, gender, anti-inflammatory medication;
d
controlled for age, gender, anti-inflammatory medication and baseline IL-6;
#
Levene's test significance > .05.
EF = executive function, comprised by Trail Making Test B, Stroop Interference, and Digit Span Backward;
Attention: comprised by Stroop Word, Digit Span Forward, Vision-based 1-Back accuracy rate, and Audio-based 1-Back accuracy rate;
SOP = speed of processing, comprised by Trail Making Test A and Stroop Color.