Table 1.

Effects of temperature [temperate (22 °C/30 % rH) vs. warm (35 °C/40 % rH)] and altitude [sea level (FiO₂ 0.21/simulated altitude ~0 m) vs. moderate altitude (FiO₂ 0.15/simulated altitude ~2,500 m)] on the rate of change in exercise responses

	Temperature		Altitude
	Temperate	Warm	Sea level	Moderate altitude
Tcore (°C/min)	0.030 ± 0.002	0.050 ± 0.005*	0.037 ± 0.004	0.043 ± 0.004
Tskin (°C/min)	0.042 ± 0.008	0.035 ± 0.005	0.034 ± 0.005	0.043 ± 0.006
HR (beats/min)	1.468 ± 0.196	2.382 ± 0.242*	1.423 ± 0.202	2.427 ± 0.239#
SpO2 (%/min)	−0.085 ± 0.029	−0.117 ± 0.068	−0.013 ± 0.010	−0.189 ± 0.075#
RPE (point/min)	0.269 ± 0.037	0.426 ± 0.048*	0.249 ± 0.037	0.445 ± 0.045#

Values are expressed as mean ± SEM

Tcore core temperature, Tskin skin temperature, HR heart rate, SpO ₂ arterial oxygen saturation, RPE rating of perceived exertion

* P < 0.05; significantly higher in warm than in temperate conditions (temperature main effect)

^# P < 0.05; significantly higher in moderate altitude than in sea level conditions (altitude main effect)