Table 3.

Correlations between abstinence-induced changes in withdrawal symptoms to abstinence-induced changes in cortisol levels

	Cortisol T1		Cortisol T2		Cortisol T3
	r	p-value	r	p-value	r	p-value
Subjective measures
HHWQ
Time 1	0.11	0.33	0.05	0.67	0.09	0.47
Time 2	0.08	0.49	0.10	0.41	−0.02	0.88
WSWS
Total	−0.07	0.54	−0.04	0.76	−0.01	0.92
Anger	0.08	0.49	0.07	0.53	0.13	0.27
Anxiety	−0.07	0.54	−0.07	0.53	−0.03	0.78
Concentration	0.06	0.63	0.01	0.93	0.03	0.81
Craving	−0.08	0.52	<0.01	0.99	<0.01	0.98
Hunger	−0.23	0.05	−0.22	0.06	−0.23	0.05
Sadness	0.05	0.66	0.15	0.19	0.16	0.17
QSU
Total	0.10	0.42	0.07	0.53	0.05	0.67
Factor 1	−0.02	0.88	0.00	0.99	−0.05	0.69
Factor 2	0.22	0.06	0.15	0.20	0.16	0.17
PANAS
PA–Time 1	−0.12	0.32	−0.09	0.42	−0.06	0.58
PA–Time 2	−0.13	0.25	−0.02	0.84	−0.08	0.51
NA–Time 1	0.07	0.53	0.06	0.61	0.13	0.28
NA–Time 2	0.06	0.62	0.17	0.15	0.09	0.45
HQ	−0.27	0.02	−0.23	0.05	−0.29	0.01
Physiological measures
HR (bpm)
Time 1	0.19	0.11	0.17	0.14	0.18	0.13
Time 2	0.18	0.12	0.14	0.22	0.16	0.16
Cotinine (ng/mL)	0.08	0.47	0.16	0.17	0.08	0.50
Cognitive measures
RIPT
RT (ms)	−0.18	0.12	−0.13	0.25	−0.19	0.11
ST
RT (s)	0.07	0.58	0.03	0.80	0.19	0.11
Errors (%)	0.12	0.30	0.06	0.63	0.08	0.48
MT
RT (s)	0.13	0.28	0.12	0.31	0.13	0.27

Note. Pearson Correlation coefficient only analyzed for withdrawal symptoms with a significant state effect in Table 2. None of the associations exhibited a significance level that surpassed a type-I error correction for multiple tests (0.0007).

HHWQ, Hughes Hatsukami Withdrawal Questionnaire (scale: 0–5); WSWS, Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale (scale: 0–4); QSU, Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (scale: 0–5); PANAS, Positive and Negative Affect Scale (scale: 1–5); HQ, Hunger Questionnaire (scale: 1–10); HR, Heart Rate; RIPT, Rapid Information Processing Task; ST, Two-letter search task; MT, serial addition and subtraction; RT, reaction time.

^ap-value ≤ 0.05.