Figure 2.

Dual process signal detection model (DPSD). This model assumes that familiarity follows an equal variance signal detection model, where confidence judgments are based on a distance to criterion account (i.e., items further from the old/new decision criterion are reported with greater confidence). Recollection is a qualitatively distinct process that occurs when an old item’s evidence surpasses an independent threshold and specific episodic context is recovered. Recollection is modeled by the probability of recollection, given an old item (p(R|Old), and this is generally assumed to lead to reports of high confidence.