Table 2.

Observable pain management strategies used post immunization

Strategy (n = 120)	N (%)
Distraction using singing or talking*	94 (79.7)
Talking only	90 (76.3)
Singing and talking	4 (3.4)
Holding (any position)	65 (54.2)
Front-to-front	34 (28.3)
Front-to-back	7 (5.8)
Front-to-side	21 (17.5)
Combination of positions	3 (2.5)
Non-nutritive sucking	13 (9.2)
Distraction using any toy	10 (7.0)
Noisy toy	4 (2.8)
Silent toy	6 (4.2)

*2 missing – could not distinguish if singing or talking was used.