Table 4. Major ginsenosides transformations by the cloned glycoside hydrolases family 3.

Glycoside hydrolase name	Subfamily	Microorganism	Ginsenoside conversion pathway	Reference
BGL1	4	Aspergillus niger	Rf→Rh1(S)	[47]
			Rb1→Gyp XVII→Gyp LXXV
			Rb2→C-O→C-Y
BgpA	2	Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans	Rc→C-Mc1→C-Mc	[46], [65]
			Rd→F2→C-K
			Rg3→Rh2
			Rb1→Gyp XVII→Gyp LXXV→PPD
			Rb1→Gyp XVII→Rh2(S)→PPD
			Rb2→C-O→C-Y
BglAm	2	Actinosynnema mirum	Rc→C-Mc1→C-Mc	[28]
			Rd→F2→Rh2(S)
			Rg3(S)→Rh2(S)→PPD
			Re→Rg2(S)
			Rg1→Rh1(S)→PPT
			Rb1→Gyp XVII→Gyp LXXV→C-K
			Rb2→C-O→C-Y
			Rc→C-Mc1→C-Mc
BglSk	2	Sanguibacter keddieii	Rd→F2→C-K	[31]
			Rg3(S)→Rh2(S)→PPD
			Re→Rg2(S) or F1
			Rg1→F1
			Rb1→Rd→Rg3(S)
			Rb2→C-O→C-Y
BglQM	2	Mucilaginibacter sp. QM49	Rc→C-Mc1→C-Mc	[29]
			Re→Rg2(S)
			Rg1→Rh1(S)
rApy-H1	5	Bifidobacterium longum H-1	Rb2→Rd	[45]
BglBX10	5	Flavobacterium johnsoniae	Rb1→Rd→Rg3(S)	[48]
			Rb1→Rg3(S)
Bgp1	5	Microbacterium esteraromaticum	Rd→Rg3(S)	[35], [36]
			Rg1→Rh1(S)
			Re→Rg2(S)
			Rb1→Rd→Rg3(S)
BglPC28	5	Pseudonocardia sp. Gsoil 1536	Rb3→Rg3(S)	This study
			Re→Rg2(S)
			Rg1→Rh1(S)