Table 2.
General characteristics of study subjects participating in KNOW-CKD from 2011 to September, 2013
| Total cohort1 |
Subcohort |
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GN | DN | HTN | PKD | p-value2 | ||
| Total participants from 2011 to 2013 |
1470 |
543 |
317 |
294 |
249 |
|
| Age |
53.6 ± 12.3 |
50 ± 12.3 |
59.2 ± 9.3 |
59.6 ± 10.9 |
46.9 ± 10.4 |
< 0.001 |
| Female |
569 (38.7) |
228 (42) |
104 (32.8) |
82 (27.9) |
127 (51) |
< 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
24.4 ± 3.4 |
24.2 ± 3.4 |
25.2 ± 3.2 |
24.8 ± 3.5 |
23.5 ± 3.1 |
< 0.001 |
| Waist-Hip ratio |
0.89 ± 0.07 |
0.88 ± 0.07 |
0.92 ± 0.05 |
0.9 ± 0.07 |
0.88 ± 0.06 |
< 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) |
127.7 ± 16.5 |
123.2 ± 14.9 |
135.8 ± 18.7 |
127 ± 16.4 |
128 ± 13.5 |
< 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) |
76.6 ± 11.1 |
75.2 ± 10.6 |
76.1 ± 11.8 |
76.8 ± 11.6 |
79.8 ± 10.2 |
< 0.001 |
| Pulse Pressure (mmHg) |
51.1 ± 12.1 |
48 ± 10.6 |
59.7 ± 12.9 |
50.2 ± 11.5 |
48.2 ± 9.5 |
< 0.001 |
| CKD stage 1 |
160 (10.9) |
81 (14.9) |
4 (1.3) |
2 (0.7) |
63 (25.3) |
< 0.001 |
| 2 |
253 (17.2) |
117 (21.5) |
18 (5.7) |
18 (6.1) |
79 (31.7) |
|
| 3a |
268 (18.2) |
111 (20.4) |
45 (14.2) |
67 (22.8) |
35 (14.1) |
|
| 3b |
328 (22.3) |
110 (20.3) |
83 (26.2) |
91 (31) |
30 (12) |
|
| 4 |
349 (23.7) |
93 (17.1) |
121 (38.2) |
95 (32.3) |
30 (12) |
|
| 5 |
112 (7.6) |
31 (5.7) |
46 (14.5) |
21 (7.1) |
12 (4.8) |
|
| Creatinine (mg/dL) |
1.88 ± 1.17 |
1.67 ± 1.08 |
2.48 ± 1.38 |
2.12 ± 1.00 |
1.40 ± 0.98 |
< 0.001 |
| Cystatin C (mg/L) |
1.81 ± 0.95 |
1.61 ± 0.89 |
2.37 ± 0.99 |
2.04 ± 0.83 |
1.34 ± 0.79 |
< 0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| MDRD |
48.6 ± 29.4 |
54.9 ± 30.6 |
32.7 ± 17.9 |
36.6 ± 17.4 |
67 ± 33.9 |
< 0.001 |
| CKD-EPI cr (2009) |
51.4 ± 30.3 |
58.3 ± 31 |
34 ± 19.5 |
37.9 ± 17.7 |
71.8 ± 33.6 |
< 0.001 |
| Comorbid disease |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Coronary artery disease |
107 (7.3) |
22 (4.1) |
44 (14.1) |
32 (10.9) |
3 (1.2) |
< 0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease |
22 (1.5) |
2 (0.4) |
10 (3.2) |
9 (3.1) |
0 (0) |
< 0.001 |
| Cerebrovascluar disease |
125 (8.5) |
21 (3.9) |
37 (11.9) |
34 (11.6) |
29 (11.6) |
< 0.001 |
| Diabetes |
462 (31.6) |
56 (10.4) |
317 (100) |
61 (20.7) |
3 (1.2) |
< 0.001 |
| Hypertension |
1325 (90.6) |
470 (86.9) |
302 (96.8) |
283 (96.3) |
213 (85.5) |
< 0.001 |
| Chronic heart failure |
15 (1) |
3 (0.6) |
8 (2.6) |
4 (1.4) |
0 (0) |
0.011 |
| Arrhythmia |
31 (2.1) |
8 (1.5) |
6 (1.9) |
12 (4.1) |
3 (1.2) |
0.049 |
| Cardiac parameters |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| AAC score |
1.2 ± 2.6 |
0.7 ± 1.9 |
2.6 ± 3.7 |
1.3 ± 2.7 |
0.3 ± 1.3 |
< 0.001 |
| Mean baPWV (cm/s) |
1525.0 ± 342.5 |
1396.4 ± 245.8 |
1819.2 ± 418.2 |
1569.1 ± 297.7 |
1392 ± 213.2 |
< 0.001 |
| LVMI (g/m2) (Echocardiography) |
95.0 ± 28.4 |
89.5 ± 25.2 |
106.5 ± 30.7 |
100.6 ± 31.9 |
85.9 ± 20.1 |
< 0.001 |
| Coronary Ca score |
191.7 ± 569.6 |
91.6 ± 409.9 |
496.3 ± 864.6 |
195.6 ± 569.5 |
28.5 ± 133.1 |
< 0.001 |
| Troponin T (ng/mL) |
0.016 ± 0.018 |
0.011 ± 0.010 |
0.030 ± 0.030 |
0.016 ± 0.011 |
0.008 ± 0.004 |
< 0.001 |
| Valve calcification (Echocardiography) | 262 (18.5) | 105 (20.2) | 82 (27.1) | 65 (23) | 7 (2.8) | < 0.001 |
1Total participants included those in 4 subgroups and the other unclassified kidney diseases.
ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables and Chi-square or Fisher’s Exact test for categorical variables.
Numbers denote mean ± s.d. or number (%).
Abbreviations: GN, glomerulonephropathy; DN , diabetic nephropathy; HTN, hypertensive nephropathy; PKD, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; AAC, abdominal aorta calcification; baPWV, brachial-to-ankle pulse wave velocity; LVMI, left ventricular mass index.