Importance and expression pattern of RPK1 during shoot regeneration. (A) Mean values ± SEMs for the regeneration rate of Col-0 (n = 3) and mutants rpk1-1 (n = 2) and rpk1-5 (n = 3) measured after 14 (gray) and 21 d (white) of SIM incubation. Different letters indicate significant differences at the α-level = 0.05. (B) Quantitative complementation test: mean values ± effective SEs (n = 12) for the regeneration rate after 14 d of four genotypes: Nok-3/rpk1-5, Ga-0/rpk1-5, Nok-3/Col-0, and Ga-0/Col-0. The difference between the Nok-3 and Ga-0 regeneration rate QTL allele effect is significantly larger (P < 0.001) in the rpk1-5 mutation background than in the WT Col-0 allele background, indicative of an interaction between the rpk1-5 allele and the Nok-3 and Ga-0 QTL alleles. (C–E) Expression of pRPK1::RPK1-GFP in Col-0 background during the shoot regeneration protocol. After 4 d of CIM incubation, expression is particularly visible in dividing (arrowheads) but not in nondividing (arrow) cells in the vasculature. Cells are counterstained with propidium iodide (red). (C) Expression in presumptive shoot primordia after (D) 7 and (E) 11 d of SIM incubation. (Scale bars: 10 µm.)