Table 1.
CC symptoms reported in at least ten of the 67 studies reviewed
| CC symptom | N of studies (N=67) |
|---|---|
| BM frequencya | 67 (100%) |
| Stool consistency/hard, lumpy stoolsa | 56 (83.6%) |
| Straininga | 54 (80.6%) |
| Incomplete evacuationa | 39 (58.2%) |
| Bloating | 36 (53.7%) |
| Abdominal pain | 28 (41.8%) |
| Abdominal discomfort | 24 (35.8%) |
| Gas | 13 (19.4%) |
| Unsuccessful attempts to have a BM | 13 (19.4%) |
Note:
a
Symptoms included in the Rome Criteria for CC.
Abbreviations: CC, chronic constipation; N, number; BM, bowel movement.