Table 2.
Experienced facilitators in the UCD process of telecare products and services according to different members of the development team.
| Theme | Facilitators | Participant groupsa | ||||
| EU | PU | EN | MA | RE | ||
| Creating a development team | Team members recognize their complementary knowledge and skills, which creates a team spirit. | X | X | X | X | X |
| Team members agree that end-users should be involved in the development team from the beginning of the development process. | X | X | X | X | X | |
| Project leaders and managers advocate that input of all team members should be treated as equal. | X |
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|
|
|
|
| Researchers report back to end-user representatives about why their advice was followed or not. | X |
|
|
|
|
|
| Researchers visit team members at home/work (when team meetings are not possible due to differences in schedules). | X | X | X |
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|
|
| Expectations regarding responsibilities and roles | Team members voice expectations at the start of the project to prevent miscommunication at a later stage (but this may be difficult due to the fact that many expectations are implicit). | X | X | X | X | X |
| Translation of user requirements into technical requirements | Engineers help researchers to translate user-requirements into technical requirements to speed up this process. |
|
|
X | X | X |
| Technical challenges | Researchers should take enough time to conduct small scale usability tests and pilot studies before moving to large trials to improve technical functioning and robustness. |
|
|
|
|
X |
| Products/services developed in the projects are easier to integrate in care processes compared to off-the-shelf products. | X | X | X | X | X | |
| Evaluation | Members of the development team evaluate prototypes in lab to identify bugs and/or gain insight into experiences with the products/services. | X |
|
X |
|
X |
| Care professionals receive reimbursement for the increased workload that comes with participating in an evaluation study. |
|
X |
|
|
X | |
| Study participants can be recruited via the network of the members of the development team, especially via patient/elderly representatives. | X |
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|
|
X | |
| Valorization | Allocate part of the budget to the development of a business case and start with this at the beginning of the project. |
|
|
X | X |
|
aEU=end-users, PU=professional end-users, EN=engineers, MA=managers, RE=researchers.