Table 1.

Examples of fermentation strategies for EPS production in marine microorganisms.

Microorganisms	Source	Max EPS-production	EPS Fermentation-increasing strategies	Production increment (fold)	References
Aeribacillus pallidus 418	Hot springs Bulgaria	0.13 g/L	Carbon and nitrogen sources: maltose, NH4Cl; temperature	2	Radchenkova et al., 2013 [53]
Alteromonas sp. 1644	Hydrothermal vents East Pacific Rise	7.5 g/L	Nitrogen source: ammonium chloride	1.5	Samain et al., 1997 [76]
Hahella chejuensis	Cheju Island	9.23 g/L	Carbon/nitrogen ratio: sucrose, tryptone; temperature, pH	n.r.	Sung-Hwan Ko et al., 2000 [73]
Halomonas alkaliantarctica strain CRSS	Cape Russell lake, Antarctica	2.9 g/g dry cells	Carbon source: maltose	6	Poli et al., 2004 [64]
Pantoea strain BM39	Sediments in Tyrrhenian Sea	21.30 g/L	Carbon source: glucose	2	Silvi et al., 2013 [66]
Pseudoalteromonas sp. AM	Sponge sample in Red Sea	10.51 g/L	Carbon and nitrogen sources: meat extract, glucose; NaCl; pH; agitation speed	5	Al-Nahas et al., 2011 [74]
Pseudoalteromonas strain CAM025	Antarctic sea ice	99.9 mg/g dry cells	Temperature	30	Mancuso et al., 2005 [72]
Salipiger mucosus A3T	Spanish Mediterranean seaboard	1.2 g/L	Stirring rate; incubation temperature; pH	n.r.	Llamas et al., (2010) [31]
Thermophilic bacterium strain 4009	Ischia (Sorceto) Island	60 mg/L	Carbon sources: trehalose	1000	Nicolaus et al., 2002 [80]
Zunongwangia profunda SM-A87	Deep-sea sediment southern Okinawa Trough	8.90 g/L	Carbon and nitrogen sources: lactose, peptone; temperature; statistical approach	10	Liu et al., 2011 [75]

n.r.: Not reported.