Table 3.
Univariate and multivariable analysis of factors associated with suicidal behavior (attempted or completed suicide) during the course of follow-up among the Butajira cohort
| Characteristics | Crude OR | 95% CI | p-value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Female |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
Male |
0.71 |
0.52,0.99 |
0.047 |
1.05 |
0.69,1.59 |
0.825 |
|
Age group at enrolment (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<20 |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
20-29 |
0.94 |
0.53,1.68 |
0.837 |
0.66 |
0.35,1.26 |
0.210 |
|
30-39 |
1.22 |
0.68,2.18 |
0.503 |
0.65 |
0.32,1.31 |
0.228 |
|
≥40 |
0.99 |
0.51,1.89 |
0.971 |
0.41 |
0.18,0.93 |
0.033 |
|
Marital status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Never married |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
Married |
2.22 |
1.53,3.23 |
<0.001 |
2.17 |
1.21,3.91 |
0.010 |
|
Separated/divorce/widowed |
1.52 |
0.86,2.68 |
0.146 |
1.69 |
0.86,3.33 |
0.130 |
|
Having children |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
Yes |
1.79 |
1.28,2.49 |
0.001 |
1.20 |
0.70,2.01 |
0.508 |
|
Educational status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-literate |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
Literate |
0.80 |
0.57,1.13 |
0.207 |
0.85 |
0.57,1.28 |
0.441 |
|
Religion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Muslim |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
Christian |
0.76 |
0.52,1.09 |
0.137 |
0.69 |
0.46,1.03 |
|
|
Protestant |
1.12 |
0.55,2.26 |
0.755 |
1.21 |
0.58,2.54 |
0.607 |
|
Area of residence |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Urban |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
Rural |
1.18 |
0.78,1.78 |
0.433 |
1.01 |
0.64,1.60 |
0.957 |
|
Diagnosis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schizophrenia |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
Bipolar I |
2.07 |
1.40,3.07 |
<0.001 |
2.59 |
1.57,4.26 |
<0.001 |
|
MDD |
2.39 |
1.56,3.69 |
<0.001 |
2.71 |
1.60,4.58 |
<0.001 |
|
History of alcohol/khat abuse |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Absent |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
Present |
1.18 |
0.79,1.77 |
0.422 |
1.84 |
1.14-2.96 |
0.013 |
|
Follow-up treatment status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Received treatment for < 50% of the follow-up period |
Ref. |
|
|
Ref. |
|
|
|
Received treatment for > 50% of the follow-up period |
1.08 |
0.73,1.59 |
0.701 |
1.45 |
0.95,2.24 |
0.088 |
| Global assessment of functioning score at enrollment | 1.00 | 0.99,1.01 | 0.918 | 0.99 | 0.98, 0.997 | 0.009 |