Table 4.
Factors associated with fatal outcome in suicide attempters
|
Characteristics |
Non-fatal outcome |
Fatal outcome |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number (%) | Number (%) | ||
|
Baseline demographics |
|
|
|
|
Gender |
|
|
|
| Male |
88 (83.8) |
17 (16.2) |
0.002 |
| Female |
80 (97.6) |
2 (2.4) |
|
|
Age group at enrolment |
|
|
|
| <20 |
17 (89.5) |
2 (10.5) |
0.590 |
| 20-29 |
58 (89.2) |
7 (10.8) |
|
| 30-39 |
65 (92.9) |
5 (7.1) |
|
| >40 |
26 (83.9) |
5 (16.1) |
|
|
Marital status |
|
|
|
| Never married |
42 (87.5) |
6 (12.5) |
0.840 |
| Married |
105 (90.5) |
11 (9.5) |
|
| Others |
19 (90.5) |
19 (10.3) |
|
|
Religious affiliation |
|
|
|
| Orthodox Christian |
45 (86.5) |
7 (13.5) |
0.349 |
| Muslim |
110 (90.2) |
12 (9.8) |
|
| Protestant |
13 (100) |
0 (0) |
|
|
Area of residence |
|
|
|
| Urban |
31 (91.2) |
3 (8.8) |
0.775 |
| Rural |
137 (89.5) |
16 (10.5) |
|
|
Child status |
|
|
|
| No children |
61 (88.4) |
8 (11.6) |
0.620 |
| At least one child |
107 (90.7) |
11 (9.3) |
|
|
Caregiver experience at baseline |
|
|
|
|
Stigma score |
Mean =1.09 |
Mean =1.28 |
0.452 |
| SE = 0.08 |
SE = 0.30 |
||
|
Burden score |
Mean =0.54 |
Mean =0.43 |
0.396 |
| SE = 0.04 |
SE = 0.12 |
||
|
Clinical features at baseline |
|
|
|
|
Diagnosis |
|
|
|
| Schizophrenia |
39 (81.3) |
9 (18.8) |
0.036 |
| Bipolar-I Disorder |
74 (90.2) |
8 (9.8) |
|
| Major Depressive Disorder |
55 (96.5) |
2 (3.5) |
|
|
History of suicidal thoughts at enrolment |
|
|
|
| Absent |
97 (90.7) |
10 (9.4) |
0.943 |
| Present |
56 (90.3) |
6 (9.7) |
|
|
History of suicidal attempts at enrolment |
|
|
|
| Absent |
129 (91.5) |
12 (8.5) |
0.133 |
| Present |
23 (82.1) |
5 (17.9) |
|
|
GAF score at baseline |
Mean = 45.5 |
Mean = 45.3, |
0.919 |
| SE = 0.82 |
SE = 1.6 |
||
|
Age at first clear recognition of symptoms |
Mean =22.2 |
Mean = 23.6 |
0.499 |
| SE = 0.7 |
SE = 1.4 |
||
|
Clinical features during follow-up |
|
|
|
|
Schizophrenia illness course (n = 312) |
|
|
|
| % time in psychotic episode |
Mean =25.8 |
Mean =37.5 |
0.344 |
| SE = 5.0 |
SE = 13.8 |
||
| %time in remission |
Mean =24.4 |
Mean =32.2 |
0.871 |
| SE = 5.9 |
SE = 11.5 |
||
|
Bipolar I disorder illness course (n = 263) |
|
|
|
| % time in manic or depressive episode |
Mean =3.2 |
Mean =4.2 |
0.719 |
| SE = 0.9 |
SE = 2.8 |
||
| % time in remission |
Mean =78.3 |
Mean =79.9 |
0.892 |
| SE = 3.6 |
SE = 11.9 |
||
|
Major depressive disorder (n = 158) |
|
|
|
| % time in depressive episode |
Mean =8.0 |
Mean =10.5 |
0.829 |
| SE = 2.1 |
SE = 7.3 |
||
| % time in remission |
Mean =73.5 |
Mean =90.2 |
0.460 |
| SE = 4.2 |
SE = 9.8 |
||
|
Follow-up treatment status |
|
|
|
| Received treatment for > 50% of the follow-up period |
33 (78.6) |
9 (21.4) |
0.006 |
| Received treatment for < 50% of the follow-up period |
135 (93.1) |
10 (6.9) |
|
|
Alcohol/khat abuse/dependence |
|
|
|
| No |
136 (91.3) |
139 (8.7) |
0.198 |
| Yes | 32 (84.2) | 6 (15.8) |