Representative in vivo PTOCT image volumes. (a) 3D rendering of mouse 4T1 tumor 16 hours after AuNR injection via the tail vein, with OCT of tissue structure (gray channel), SVOCT of vessel morphology (red channel), and PTOCT of AuNRs (green channel). (b) An angled slice through the 3D volume reveals depth-resolved anatomy, vessel morphology, and AuNR distribution. (c) Removing the structural information reveals the underlying vessels (red) and AuNR distribution (green) in three dimensions. (d) After averaging over the depth dimension, co-registered 2D en face projections of tissue morphology, vessel morphology, and AuNR distribution are visible in the tumor tissue (scale bar = 1 mm).