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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jun 11.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012 Sep 20;128(3):214–221. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.08.028

Table 2.

Changes in alcohol use disorder (AUD) status as a function of change in smoke-free bar and restaurant policies among past-year drinkers (n = 19,763).

Strata Policy group AUD remission
AUD onset
AUD recurrence
N % remissione OR 95% CI P-Value N % onsete OR (95% CI) P-Value N % recurrente OR (95% CI) P-Value
Everyonea No ban 2112 53.1% Ref 10,309   6.7% Ref 4134 15.2% Ref
Ban   322 59.0% 1.30 (1.01, 1.66) 0.04    2159   5.0% 0.85 (0.69, 1.04) 0.11   727 14.7% 1.05 (0.81, 1.37) 0.71
Smokingb
 Non smokers No ban 1056 57.7% Ref    7903   5.5% Ref 2624 13.1% Ref
Ban   166 61.4% 1.22 (0.98, 1.51) 0.07    1701   4.2% 0.85 (0.69, 1.04) 0.12   521 11.5% 0.88 (0.59, 1.30) 0.51
 Smokers No ban 1050 48.6% Ref    2328 10.2% Ref 1489 18.9% Ref
Ban   153 56.9% 1.38 (0.87, 2.20) 0.17      442   8.1% 0.74 (0.55, 1.004) 0.05   205 22.9% 1.36 (1.02, 1.83) 0.04
Sexc
 Men No ban 1364 47.0% Ref    3965   9.7% Ref 2458 17.7% Ref
Ban   208 57.7% 1.62 (1.32, 1.98) 0.0001      825   8.5% 0.93 (0.79, 1.09) 0.38   291 16.7% 0.99 (0.72, 1.37) 0.97
 Women No ban   748 64.3% Ref    6344   4.8% Ref 1676 11.4% Ref
Ban   114 61.4% 0.90 (0.63, 1.29) 0.57    1334   2.9% 0.68 (0.50, 0.93) 0.02   291 11.7% 1.17 (0.75, 1.82) 0.48
Aged
 18–29 No ban   795 53.0% Ref    2247 12.5% Ref   630 21.7% Ref
Ban   116 62.9% 1.58 (1.11, 2.23) 0.01      396 12.1% 0.94 (0.73, 1.19) 0.59     95 22.1% 1.15 (0.82, 1.61) 0.41
 30–39 No ban   525 53.5% Ref    2270   7.6% Ref 1127 16.0% Ref
Ban     88 52.3% 1.04 (0.66, 1.61) 0.88      479   4.8% 0.72 (0.41, 1.26) 0.25   190 17.9% 1.34 (0.77, 2.30) 0.30
 40–49 No ban   468 47.9% Ref    2153   6.1% Ref 1074 16.3% Ref
Ban     68 54.4% 1.14 (0.85, 1.52) 0.39      445   2.9% 0.64 (0.41, 0.99) 0.05   196 13.4% 0.81 (0.44, 1.51) 0.51
 50+ No ban   324 60.5% Ref    3639   2.9% Ref 1303 10.4% Ref
Ban     50 68.0% 1.91 (1.01, 3.60) 0.05      839   2.3% 0.94 (0.71, 1.26) 0.68   246 10.6% 1.03 (0.81, 1.30) 0.81

Notes. Sample includes all individuals from states without smoke-free legislation at Wave I who reported any Wave I alcohol use. Participants were eligible for AUD onset if they had no past or current AUD at Wave I and a current AUD at Wave II. Participants were eligible for AUD recurrence if they had a past AUD but no current AUD at Wave I and a current AUD at Wave II. AUD remission, onset, and recurrence are mutually exclusive. Ref, reference group. No ban: includes participants who lived in States that did not implement smoke-free bar and restaurant policies in between Waves I and II. Ban: includes participants who lived in states that implemented smoke-free bar and restaurant policies in between Waves I and II.

a

OR adjusted for Wave I public drinking and smoking status, sex, marital status, age, ethnicity, income, and education.

b

OR adjusted for Wave I public drinking, sex, marital status, age, ethnicity, income, and education.

c

OR adjusted for Wave I public drinking and smoking status, marital status, age, ethnicity, income, and education.

d

OR adjusted for Wave I public drinking and smoking status, marital status, sex, ethnicity, income, and education.

e

Unadjusted percentages.