Figure 2.

Possible applicative scenario of human augmentation Rescuers dug through the rubble of collapsed buildings looking for survivors in the wake of an earthquake exploiting artificial supernumerary limbs (light blue and green), artificial organs of sense (red) and cognitive enhancement (yellow). The most relevant areas of the brain recruited by the task are drown on the side. Control of supernumerary limbs mostly relies on primary and secondary sensorimotor areas and on the facilitation of striato-cortical projection, their embodiment in changes especially taking place in the premotor cortex and in the intraparietal sulcus. Sensory augmentation is enabled by cross-modal plasticity of sensory areas, while cognitive enhancement has in the neural plasticity of the frontoparietal network, of the hippocampus and in the facilitation of the ascending neurotransmitter system its neurobiological substrate.