TABLE 1.
Frequency distribution of local recurrence and any disease recurrence (local, regional, or distant) according to tumor, treatment, pathologic, and systemic variables.
| Variables | Overall cohort, n = 60 No. of patients (%) |
Local recurrence, n = 11 No. of patients (%)* |
Any disease recurrence, n = 25 No. of patients (%)* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tumor variables | |||
| Site | |||
| Tongue | 38 (63) | 8 (21) | 17 (45) |
| Floor of mouth | 9 (15) | 1 (11) | 5 (56) |
| Retromolar trigone | 7 (12) | 2 (28) | 2 (29) |
| Lower alveolar ridge | 4 (7) | 0 | 1 (25) |
| Hard palate | 2 (3) | 0 | 0 |
| T classification | |||
| T1 | 27 (45) | 2 (7) | 9 (33) |
| T2 | 16 (27) | 4 (25) | 8 (50) |
| T3 | 6 (10) | 2 (33) | 2 (33) |
| T4 | 11 (18) | 3 (27) | 6 (55) |
| N classification | |||
| N0 | 39 (65) | 5 (13) | 12 (31) |
| N1 | 9 (15) | 2 (22) | 5 (56) |
| N2 | 12 (20) | 4 (33) | 8 (67) |
| AJCC stage | |||
| I | 22 (37) | 1 (5) | 6 (27) |
| II | 7 (11) | 1 (14) | 3 (43) |
| III | 10 (17) | 2 (20) | 5 (50) |
| IV | 21 (35) | 7 (33) | 11 (52) |
| Treatment variables | |||
| Neck dissection | |||
| Not done | 23 (38) | 1 (4) | 7 (30) |
| Done | 37 (62) | 10 (27) | 18 (49) |
| Adjuvant therapy | |||
| None | 41 (68) | 7 (17) | 15 (37) |
| Radiotherapy | 10 (17) | 2 (20) | 5 (50) |
| Chemoradiotherapy | 9 (15) | 2 (22) | 5 (56) |
| Pathologic variables | |||
| WPOI at interface | |||
| Type 1 or 2 or 3 | 13 (22) | 0 | 1 (3) |
| Type 4 | 26 (43) | 5 (19) | 11 (42) |
| Type 5 | 21 (35) | 6 (29) | 13 (62) |
| Perineural invasion | |||
| Absent | 36 (60) | 5 (14) | 12 (33) |
| Small nerves <1 mm | 17 (28) | 3 (18) | 8 (47) |
| Large nerves ≥1 mm | 7 (12) | 3 (43) | 5 (71) |
| LI at interface | |||
| Little or none | 14 (32) | 4 (29) | 7 (50) |
| Large patches | 27 (45) | 3 (11) | 9 (33) |
| Continuous band | 19 (23) | 4 (21) | 9 (47) |
| LVSI | |||
| Absent | 52 (87) | 10 (19) | 22 (42) |
| Present | 8 (13) | 1 (13) | 3 (36) |
| Tumor grade | |||
| Well differentiated | 11 (18) | 1 (9) | 1 (9) |
| Moderately differentiated | 36 (60) | 5 (14) | 16 (44) |
| Poorly differentiated | 13 (22) | 5 (38) | 8 (61) |
| Margins after first resection | |||
| Negative | 56 (93) | 11 (20) | 23 (41) |
| Positive** | 4 (7) | 0 | 2 (50) |
| Tumor depth | |||
| <4 mm | 18 (30) | 0 | 6 (33) |
| ≥4 mm | 25 (42) | 5 (20) | 10 (40) |
| Unknown | 17 (28) | 6 (35) | 9 (53) |
| BGS risk category | |||
| Low | 4 (7) | 0 | 0 |
| Intermediate | 24 (40) | 2 (17) | 8 (33) |
| High | 32 (53) | 9 (28) | 17 (53) |
| Systemic variables | |||
| Age | |||
| Median (minimum-maximum) | 60 (23–85) | 56 (42–77) | 56 (23–78) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 22 (37) | 5 (23) | 11 (50) |
| Male | 38 (63) | 6 (16) | 14 (37) |
| Comorbidity (ACE-27) | |||
| None to mild (0–1) | 46 (77) | 7 (15) | 17 (37) |
| Moderate to severe (2–3) | 14 (33) | 4 (29) | 8 (57) |
| Immune compromise | |||
| Absent | 49 (82) | 6 (12) | 17 (35) |
| Present | 11 (18) | 5 (45) | 8 (73) |
Abbreviations: AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; WPOI, worst pattern of invasion; LI, lymphocytic infiltrate at tumor/host interface; LVSI, lymphovascular space invasion; BGS, Brandwein–Gensler score; ACE-27, Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 in which comorbidity is graded as none (grade 0), mild (grade 1), moderate (grade 2), and severe (grade 3).
*
The denominator used for calculation of percentage is the number from the column “overall cohort.”
**
All were negative after re-resection.