FIG 3.

Ptp2 negatively regulates virulence factor production in C. neoformans through modulation of Hog1. (A and B) Each strain (WT [strain H99] and hog1, ptp1, ptp2, ptp2::PTP2, ptp1 ptp2, hog1 ptp2, cac1 [YSB42] strains) was spotted onto DME medium for capsule production at 37°C for 2 days. Cells were scraped, resuspended in PBS, and visualized by India ink staining. The relative packed cell volume was measured by calculating the ratio of the length of a packed cell volume phase to the length of a total volume phase. Bars, 10 μm. *, P < 0.05; NS, not significant (P > 0.05). (C) Cells were spotted onto niger seed medium containing 0.1% or 0.5% glucose and incubated at 30°C or 37°C. Melanin production was monitored and photographed daily.