Inhibition of DBR1. GHOST-R5X4 cells were transfected with 8.4 μg of either D4 or M4 DNA per well of a six-well plate using Lipofectamine (Invitrogen). Forty-eight hours later, the cells were infected with a DNase-treated HIV-1 vector (HR-E). Two to 24 h later, the cells were lysed and RNA was isolated for quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to evaluate the inhibition of DBR1. For the reverse transcription reaction, a total of 2.5 μg of RNA was used per sample. The data represent those from three independent quantitative reverse transcription-PCR time course experiments processed in triplicate. Error bars denote standard deviations from the means. (A) Percent expression of DBR1 in D4-treated cells, in contrast to maximal expression (100%) in M4-treated cells; (B) average fold DBR1 knockdown compared to that for the mismatch control, M4.