Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study sample
| PTSD (n = 29) | Controls (n = 20) | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 42.5 (12.2) | 35.8 (13.2) |
| Years of education, mean (SD) | 13.7 (2.4) | 16.2 (2.6)1 |
| Caucasian | 93% | 65% |
| Married/common-law/engaged | 28% | 45% |
| Separated/divorced | 28% | 20% |
| Single | 34% | 30% |
| Have children | 45% | 40% |
| Severity of PTSD symptoms | ||
| CAPS, mean (SD), range | 79.9 (15.5), 55–118 | 0.5 (1.6), 0–71 |
| Parental Bonding Instrument, mean (SD) | ||
| Paternal care | 11.22 (8.09) | 30.93 (5.37)1 |
| Paternal overprotection | 17.19 (9.13) | 10.53 (6.46)1 |
| Maternal care | 14.56 (8.82) | 30.00 (6.92)1 |
| Maternal overprotection | 16.63 (9.38) | 9.93 (5.82)1 |
| Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, mean (SD)2, %ile equivalent of mean3 | ||
| Total | 76.6 (20.46) | 29.7 (4.23)1 |
| Emotional abuse | 18.9 (4.8), 90–95th | 6.2 (1.6)1, 40th |
| Physical abuse | 12.6 (5.7), 90–95th | 5.5 (1.1)1, 50th |
| Sexual abuse | 15.5 (7.3), 90–95th | 5.0 (0.0)1, 70th |
| Emotional neglect | 18.0 (4.6), 90th | 7.0 (1.9)1, 30th |
| Physical neglect | 11.7 (5.4), 95th | 6.0 (1.5)1, 70th |
| Past | Current | |
|---|---|---|
| Comorbid axis I conditions in the PTSD sample | ||
| Alcohol dependence | 1 | 0 |
| Substance abuse | 1 | 0 |
| Major depressive disorder | 16 | 11 |
| Panic disorder w/wo agoraphobia | 8 | 3 |
| Agoraphobia | 4 | 5 |
| Social phobia | 1 | 4 |
| Specific phobia | 1 | 3 |
| Obsessive compulsive disorder | 0 | 2 |
| Somatization disorder | 3 | 8 |
| Dissociative identity disorder | 1 | 4 |
| Anorexia nervosa | 4 | 2 |
| Bulimia nervosa | 2 | 1 |
CAPS, Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; SD, standard deviation.
1
Significant group effect (P < 0.05).
2
Minimum score for each CTQ scale is 5.
3
Percentiles relative to the normative population of female health management organization members (N = 1187) described in Bernstein and Fink (1998, Table 4.5).