Table 2.
Between group differences on empathy measures
| PTSD | Controls | Test statistic | Effect size | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interpersonal Reactivity Index | ||||
| Perspective taking | 16.8 (5.2) | 20.3 (4.9) | U = 187* | 0.30r |
| Personal distress | 15.2 (5.8) | 9.8 (4.5) | U = 137** | 0.45r |
| Fantasy | 13.9 (5.3) | 13.9 (5.6) | U = 282 | 0.02r |
| Empathic concern | 20.3 (5.0) | 23.1 (3.9) | U = 192* | 0.29r |
| Toronto Empathy Questionnaire | 66.5 (13.1) | 57.5 (8.8) | F (1, 47) = 7.13** | 0.13η2 |
Values are n or mean (SD). Values denoted by r indicate a Mann–Whitney U effect size estimate. Values denoted by η2 indicate an ANOVA effect size (partial eta-squared).
*
P < 0.05,
**
P < 0.01.