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Islet and re-aggregated cluster responses to α-ketoisocaproic acid. (A) Native rat islets were exposed to increasing concentrations of α-ketoisocaproic acid with increased release of insulin at concentrations of 5.6 mM and higher. (B) Human re-aggregated clusters responded with increasing insulin secretion, but only at the highest concentration of 22.4 mM. *P < 0.05. **P < 0.01, significantly above baseline.
